How do we know what goes on under the surface of the Sun Group of answer choices?
How do we know what goes on under the surface of the Sun? Astronomers create mathematical models that use the laws of physics, the Sun's observed composition and mass, and computers to predict internal conditions.
How do we know what’s inside the Sun?
Instead, solar physicists study the sun's interior the same way that geologists look deep into the Earth—via seismology. Just as earthquakes trigger seismic waves that travel through the Earth, shifting mass in the sun sends pressure waves rippling through its interior.
How do astronomers know what’s happening in the Sun?
There are a number of different observations (such as vibrations on the Sun's surface, detections of solar neutrinos, and measurements of elemental abundances on the surface) that allow astronomers to test and refine these models.
How do astronomers know what the outer layers of the Sun are made of?
How do astronomers know the composition of the outer layers of the Sun? We take an absorption line spectrum of the Sun. These absorption lines tell us what elements are present in the outer layers.
Which of the following is the best answer to the question why does the Sun shine?
Which of the following is the best answer to the question, "Why does the Sun shine?" As the Sun was forming, gravitational contraction increased the Sun's temperature until the core become hot enough for nuclear fusion, which ever since has generated the heat that makes the Sun shine.
What evidence do we have that the granulation seen on the Sun’s surface is caused by convection?
What evidence do we have the granulation seen on the sun's surface is caused by convection? The bright centers of granules are hotter than their dark boundaries AND doplar measurements indicate that the centers are rising and the edges are sinking.
Do we have 2 suns?
Our Sun is a solitary star, all on its ownsome, which makes it something of an oddball. But there's evidence to suggest that it did have a binary twin, once upon a time.
Is there something inside the Sun?
Structure. The Sun is a huge ball of hydrogen and helium held together by its own gravity. The Sun has several regions. The interior regions include the core, the radiative zone, and the convection zone.
Do we know what the Sun is made of?
The sun is made of about three-quarters hydrogen, one-quarter helium, and some other heavier elements like carbon, oxygen and iron, in very small quantities. The hydrogen and helium are in a gas form. But the hydrogen (H) and helium (He) atoms are much closer together in the sun than what you might imagine.
Do we have 2 Suns?
Our Sun is a solitary star, all on its ownsome, which makes it something of an oddball. But there's evidence to suggest that it did have a binary twin, once upon a time.
How are astronomers able to explore the layers of the Sun below the photosphere?
How are astronomers able to explore the layers of the sun below the photosphere? … By observing solar X rays and gamma rays with space telescopes. These shorter wavelengths are emitted from hotter regions below the photosphere.
How do we know that the warming of the Earth over the past century is not from the Sun?
Using proxy records from ice cores – such as the accumulation of the radioactive isotope beryllium-10, which varies inversely with solar activity — scientists have been able to deduce changes in the Sun's intensity going back many millennia.
Why does the Dun shine?
The Sun shines because it is hot. The Sun remains hot because it is powered by nuclear fusion in its core. When hydrogen is fused into helium, mass is converted into energy.
What evidence of the convective process under the surface of the Sun do astronomers observe?
The effect of the solar convection zone can be seen on the surface in the form of granulation of the photosphere. As hotter, and therefore brighter, gas rises and cooler, dimmer gas sinks, a characteristic "mottled" appearance results.
What evidence do we have that sunspots are magnetic?
We know that sunspots are magnetic because we can directly observe the effect that the field has on the spectral lines we observe through a phenomenon called the Zeeman effect.
What is Earth’s twin?
Venus Thanks to Venus Express, Taylor now describes Venus as “Earth's twin, but separated at birth.”
Is there a black hole in our solar system?
'Black hole' wandering near our solar system detected by Hubble Space Telescope. AUSTIN (KXAN) — NASA announced this week that the Hubble Space Telescope detected what might be a wandering 'black hole' nearly 5,000 light-years away in the Milky Way Galaxy.
How do scientists know what the Sun is made of?
Scientists use spectroscopy to determine the composition of the Sun. Unlike the Earth, the Sun is made primarily of light elements. It is a fairly typical main sequence star composed of 74% hydrogen, 25% helium.
How do scientists know what the Sun is made out of?
Because the sun sets the standard, scientists can metaphorically see the entire universe in a single sunbeam: By analyzing the solar spectrum, they can determine the proportions of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen throughout the whole cosmos.
What evidence do we have that the sunspots are magnetic?
We know that sunspots are magnetic because we can directly observe the effect that the field has on the spectral lines we observe through a phenomenon called the Zeeman effect.
How is the photosphere observed?
They can both be seen during a total solar eclipse, when the Moon blocks the intense light of the photosphere. Telescopes called coronagraphs allow us to see the corona by using occulting disks to mask the Sun's face and block out the photosphere's glare.
How can we tell what the climate was like in the past?
Clues about the past climate are buried in sediments at the bottom of the oceans and lakes, locked away in coral reefs, frozen in glaciers and ice caps, and preserved in the rings of treesTo extend those records, paleoclimatologists look for clues in Earth's natural environmental records.
How do scientists know that the sun isn’t causing climate change?
Since 1978, scientists have been tracking this using sensors on satellites, which tell us that there has been no upward trend in the amount of solar energy reaching our planet.
Why does the Sun make me sneeze?
Scientists think that because they're so close together, bright flashes of light that trigger your optical nerve can accidentally stimulate the trigeminal nerve. Your body reads that sensation as though something is irritating your nose, so that's how bright light can make you sneeze!
Is the Sun powered by gravity?
Answer 4: The sun (like any star) has enough mass that its gravity holds it together. It would explode if not for its gravity. Stars exploding despite their gravity (supernovae) are actually powered by the gravity as the star's interior collapses to become a something much denser than a star.
What visible evidence do we have that the sun has a convective zone?
The convection current is occupied by the rising and sinking gas. Thus we can infer that the motion of the gas is from the numerous tiny bright regions surrounded by darker zone which is called granulation. Therefore granulation is the visible evidence from where we know Sun has a convection zone.
How do we know what convection zone looks like?
The amount of sunspots, their shape and their position change all the time. We will see below that the sunspots appear when bundles of magnetic field which where inside the convection zone break through the surface. To see more details of the surface we can zoom with the telescope. The result looks like this.
Does the Sun have Corona?
The Short Answer: The Sun's corona is the outermost part of the Sun's atmosphere. The corona is usually hidden by the bright light of the Sun's surface. That makes it difficult to see without using special instruments. However, the corona can be viewed during a total solar eclipse.
Do we age in space?
In space, people usually experience environmental stressors like microgravity, cosmic radiation, and social isolation, which can all impact aging. Studies on long-term space travel often measure aging biomarkers such as telomere length and heartbeat rates, not epigenetic aging.
Why is Venus called Earth’s evil twin?
Venus has been called Earth's "evil twin" because it is about the same size as Earth and probably was created out of similar stuff; it might have even had at one time oceans of liquid water. But Venus appears to have suffered a runaway greenhouse effect.