How do you mathematical models help us learn about conditions inside the Sun?
Mathematical models use the observed composition and mass of the Sun along with the laws of physics to derive equations that describe the gravitational equilibrium solar thermostat and rate at which energy moves from the core to the photosphere.
How do the mathematical models help us learn about the Sun and what gives us confidence in the models?
How do mathematical models help us learn about conditions inside the Sun, and what gives us confidence in the models? A basic model starts with the Sun's observed composition and mass and then solves equations that describe gravitational equilibrium and energy balance.
How would we be able to tell if fusion reactions in the Sun were to suddenly cease?
We would be able to tell that fusion reactions had ceased because we would no longer detect neutrinos from the Sun. Neutrinos, a by-product of nuclear fusion, exit the Sun immediately.
How does energy generated by fusion makes its way to the Sun’s surface How long does it take quizlet?
Describe the processes by which energy generated by fusion makes its way to the Sun's surface. Most of the Sun's energy starts in the core. It then takes hundreds of thousands of years for the energy exit as has to travel a long way to the surface. The energy goes from the core to the radiation zone as photons.
How do we test our computer models for the interior of the Sun?
How do we test our computer models for the interior of the Sun? Comparing model predictions to how the Sun actually vibrates. What two physical processes balance each other to create the condition known as gravitational equilibrium in stars? Gravitational force and outward pressure.
Which of the following is the best answer to the question why does the Sun shine?
Which of the following is the best answer to the question, "Why does the Sun shine?" As the Sun was forming, gravitational contraction increased the Sun's temperature until the core become hot enough for nuclear fusion, which ever since has generated the heat that makes the Sun shine.
Why do scientists use models to study changes to the earth’s surface?
Models are used to explain every scientific phenomena imaginable. For example, our models of the earth's atmosphere explain what energy enters and leaves the earth. Having a scientific model of the atmosphere tells us that if we change the gases in it, we will get different results.
How do we know that nuclear reactions are still taking place in the Sun?
Our main evidence for this probably comes from neutrinos, elementary particles which are produced in nuclear reactions in the center of the Sun and which have been observed using detectors on Earth.
How does the Sun generate energy today group of answer choices gravitational contraction gradually expanding in size nuclear fusion nuclear fission chemical reactions?
Although the Sun does not generate energy by gravitational contraction today, this energy-generation mechanism was important when the Sun was forming. The Sun generates energy primarily by nuclear fission. Nuclear power plants on Earth create energy in the same way as the Sun.
How do we know what goes on under the surface of the Sun?
By measuring Doppler shifts of material on the Sun's surface, we observe vibrations of the surface that are created deep within the Sun.
Which of the following are methods by which we learn about the Sun’s interior?
6) Describe two general ways we learn about the Sun's interior. Answer: Astronomers create mathematical models that use the laws of physics, the Sun's observed composition and mass, and computers to predict internal conditions.
What evidence do we have to support our current ideas about the solar interior?
We see many sunspots on the surface of the Sun. Humans have not sent a spacecraft into the interior of the Sun to confirm any models of the interior. What evidence then do we have to support our current ideas about the solar interior? Solar neutrinos!
How do models help us to understand Earth’s systems?
Earth system models can help understand and provide critical information on water availability, drought, climate and temperature extremes, ice sheets and sea levels, and land-use change. They help scientists understand how plants, people, animals, and microbes all contribute to and are affected by the Earth's climate.
Why do scientists use models to study the solar system?
Scientists use models to investigate objects or processes that happen too slowly, too quickly, or on too small of a scale to observe directly. They also use models to explore phenomena that are too vast, too complex, or too dangerous to study firsthand.
What type of reaction takes place in the interior of the Sun?
fusion reaction Energy obtained by the Sun in form of heat and light is due to the nuclear reaction: fusion reaction taking place in the Sun. Hydrogen atoms collide to combine with each other to form a heavier molecule Helium, this results in release of a large amount of energy.
What type of reaction is happening in the Sun?
The proton-proton fusion process that is the source of energy from the Sun. The energy from the Sun – both heat and light energy – originates from a nuclear fusion process that is occurring inside the core of the Sun. The specific type of fusion that occurs inside of the Sun is known as proton-proton fusion.
How do astronomers know what the outer layers of the Sun are made of?
How do astronomers know the composition of the outer layers of the Sun? We take an absorption line spectrum of the Sun. These absorption lines tell us what elements are present in the outer layers.
How can astronomers learn more about the interior of the Sun?
They can study its radiation using radar, or its interior using techniques such as acoustic interferometry. U.S. National Solar Observatory: The observatory has two major optical facilities, called the Dunn Solar Telescope (Sacramento Peak) and the McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope (Kitt Peak).
How do astronomers know about the conditions within the interior of the Sun?
Astronomers use observations to build a computer program containing everything they think they know about the physical processes going on in the Sun's interior. The computer then calculates the temperature and pressure at every point inside the Sun and determines what nuclear reactions, if any, are taking place.
Why are models often used in environmental science?
Why are models often used in environmental science? Scientific models are used to gain a better understanding of systems and processes. Graphs derived from research experiments can be used to understand the system being studied and predict results for tests that have not yet been conducted.
What is the reaction in the Sun?
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about 3.6 × 1011 kJ of energy per mole of He42 produced.
What happens inside the Sun?
In the core of the Sun hydrogen is being converted into helium. This is called nuclear fusion. It takes four hydrogen atoms to fuse into each helium atom. During the process some of the mass is converted into energy.
What process takes place in the Sun to produce energy?
nuclear fusion Solar energy is created by nuclear fusion that takes place in the sun. Fusion occurs when protons of hydrogen atoms violently collide in the sun's core and fuse to create a helium atom. This process, known as a PP (proton-proton) chain reaction, emits an enormous amount of energy.
When did scientist begin to understand how the Sun produces all the energy that it does quizlet?
When did scientists begin to understand how the Sun produces all the energy that it does? The process was not well understood until the 1930's.
How are astronomers able to explore the layers of the Sun below the photosphere?
How are astronomers able to explore the layers of the sun below the photosphere? … By observing solar X rays and gamma rays with space telescopes. These shorter wavelengths are emitted from hotter regions below the photosphere.
How do scientists learn about the Sun?
Scientists study the Sun number in a number of ways including ground based telescopes and satellites to obtain as much information as possible. The atmosphere of the Sun varies in temperature so a whole range of wavelengths are needed to make complete observations.
What can we learn by studying the Sun?
The sun is a normal star. It is much closer to us than any other star, and by studying the sun, we can therefore learn more about other stars. The better we understand other stars, the more we know about the Milky Way. From there we know more about other galaxies and in the end we learn more about the universe.
What helps us study the interior of the Sun?
They can study its radiation using radar, or its interior using techniques such as acoustic interferometry. U.S. National Solar Observatory: The observatory has two major optical facilities, called the Dunn Solar Telescope (Sacramento Peak) and the McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope (Kitt Peak).
How do astronomers know what is happening under the surface of the Sun?
Scientists use spectroscopy to determine the composition of the Sun. Unlike the Earth the Sun is made primarily of light elements. … Using a technique called spectroscopy scientists analyze the absorption spectrum of the Sun in order to determine its chemical structure.
How scientific models help us understand the world?
Scientific models are representations of objects, systems or events and are used as tools for understanding the natural world. Models use familiar objects to represent unfamiliar things. Models can help you visualize, or picture in your mind, something that is difficult to see or understand.