How will minerals Orient when a rock is put under directed stress?
How will minerals orient when a rock is put under shear stress? … Atoms dissolve minerals migrate to new locations and atoms reform. Minerals dissolve atoms migrate to new locations and minerals reform.
Which process result in mineral flattening during metamorphism?
Which processes result in mineral flattening during metamorphism? dissolution followed by crystallization.
Which of the following describes the orientation of slaty cleavage and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied?
Which of the following describes the orientation of slaty cleavage and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied? Slaty cleavage is parallel to the direction of the weakest stress applied.
When fine grained tabular minerals in a rock at depth are subjected to differential stresses they?
83 Cards in this Set
| Metamorphism involves the transformation of pre-existing rocks by _____ | Heat and Pressure |
|---|---|
| When fine-grained tabular minerals in a rock at depth are subjected to differential stresses, they what | align perpendicularly to the plane in which the maximum compressive stress is applied |
Why do the minerals in a rock sometimes rearrange themselves when exposed to heat or pressure?
Rocks change during metamorphism because the minerals need to be stable under the new temperature and pressure conditions. The need for stability may cause the structure of minerals to rearrange and form new minerals. Ions may move between minerals to create minerals of different chemical composition.
Why do mineral components of rocks undergo change?
The changes in mineral assemblages are due to changes in the temperature and pressure conditions of metamorphism. Thus, the mineral assemblages that are observed must be an indication of the temperature and pressure environment that the rock was subjected to.
What are the changes that occur on rocks during the process of metamorphism How do these changes occur?
Metamorphism occurs because some minerals are stable only under certain conditions of pressure and temperature. When pressure and temperature change, chemical reactions occur to cause the minerals in the rock to change to an assemblage that is stable at the new pressure and temperature conditions.
What are the changes that occur on rocks during the process of metamorphism?
Metamorphism may affect igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks. The changes brought about include the formation of new minerals, increase in grain size, and modification of rock structure or texture, all of which depend on the original rock's composition and the intensity of the metamorphism.
Which of the following describes the orientation of slaty cleavage and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied quizlet?
Which of the following describes the orientation of slaty cleavage and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied? Slaty cleavage is parallel to the direction of the weakest stress applied.
How does mineral cleavage work?
In mineral terms, cleavage describes how a crystal breaks when subject to stress on a particular plane. If part of a crystal breaks due to stress and the broken piece retains a smooth plane or crystal shape, the mineral has cleavage.
How would a rock respond to stresses applied at depth?
How would a rock respond to stresses applied at depth? High-temperature veins form; mobilization of chemical constituents. Minerals recrystallize into larger or smaller crystals. Ductile behavior occurs; flowing of the rock.
Which of the following describes the orientation of the long axes of rocks and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied?
Which of the following describes the orientation of the long axes of rocks and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied? Mineral grains are oriented parallel to the direction of the weakest stress applied.
Why do minerals rearrange into layers within a metamorphic rock?
The new minerals that form during metamorphism are more stable in the new environment. Extreme pressure may lead to physical changes. If pressure is exerted on the rock from one direction, the rock forms layers. This is foliation.
Why do minerals rearrange into layers in metamorphic rock?
Rocks change during metamorphism because the minerals need to be stable under the new temperature and pressure conditions. The need for stability may cause the structure of minerals to rearrange and form new minerals. Ions may move between minerals to create minerals of different chemical composition.
How will you describe the changes in mineral components and texture of rocks due to changes in pressure and temperature?
1. Metamorphic rocks are those rocks that have undergone changes in mineralogy, texture and/or chemical composition as a result of changes in temperature and pressure. The original rock may have been igneous, sedimentary or another metamorphic rock.
What happens to a rock under pressure?
A deeply buried rock is pushed down by the weight of all the material above it. Since the rock cannot move, it cannot deform. This is called confining stress. Compression squeezes rocks together, causing rocks to fold or fracture (break) (Figure below).
How do minerals change during metamorphism?
Metamorphism occurs because some minerals are stable only under certain conditions of pressure and temperature. When pressure and temperature change, chemical reactions occur to cause the minerals in the rock to change to an assemblage that is stable at the new pressure and temperature conditions.
What are the changes that occur on rocks during the process?
The three processes that change one rock to another are crystallization, metamorphism, and erosion and sedimentation. Any rock can transform into any other rock by passing through one or more of these processes. This creates the rock cycle.
What are the changes in mineral components and texture of rocks due to changes in pressure and temperature?
1. Metamorphic rocks are those rocks that have undergone changes in mineralogy, texture and/or chemical composition as a result of changes in temperature and pressure. The original rock may have been igneous, sedimentary or another metamorphic rock.
Why do minerals in metamorphic rocks rearrange in layers?
The new minerals that form during metamorphism are more stable in the new environment. Extreme pressure may lead to physical changes. If pressure is exerted on the rock from one direction, the rock forms layers. This is foliation.
How do geologists infer the orientation of rock structures that are mainly below Earth’s surface?
How do geologists infer the orientation of rock structures that are mainly below Earth's surface? After measuring the strike and dip of several outcrops within an area, geologists graphically present these data in the form of geologic maps.
What does cleavage mean with minerals?
Cleavage is the tendency of minerals to split along crystallographic planes as a result of structural locations of atoms and ions in the crystal, creating planes of relative weakness. From: Introduction to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2014.
Where does a mineral break when it has cleavage?
Cleavage is the property of a mineral that allows it to break smoothly along specific internal planes (called cleavage planes) when the mineral is struck sharply with a hammer. Fracture is the property of a mineral breaking in a more or less random pattern with no smooth planar surfaces.
What happens when rocks undergo the shearing stress?
Compressional stresses cause a rock to shorten. Tensional stresses cause a rock to elongate, or pull apart. Shear stresses causes rocks to slip past each other.
What happened to the rocks under shear stress?
Deformation: Tilting, breaking and bending of rock. Compression: Stress which causes rock to squeeze or push against other rock. Tension: Stress which occurs when rock pulls apart or gets longer. Shear Stress: Stress which occurs when tectonic plates move past each other causing rock to twist or change shape.
What happens to the grain size of the minerals in rocks when the heat is increased?
The heat and pressure together cause the rock to flow instead of break or fracture. The mineral grains become realigned. They flatten out and get longer.
Which type of stress on rock is uniform in all directions?
Which type of stress on rock is uniform in all directions? – In situations such as deep burial, confining pressure exerts uniform stress in all directions. – Uniform stress can be thought of as many equal forces all acting in the same direction (all inward, all outward, etc).
Why do minerals rearrange into layers?
The new minerals that form during metamorphism are more stable in the new environment. Extreme pressure may lead to physical changes. If pressure is exerted on the rock from one direction, the rock forms layers. This is foliation.
What happens to minerals during metamorphism?
Metamorphism occurs because some minerals are stable only under certain conditions of pressure and temperature. When pressure and temperature change, chemical reactions occur to cause the minerals in the rock to change to an assemblage that is stable at the new pressure and temperature conditions.
How does a metamorphic rock change into another type of rock?
Metamorphic rocks start as one type of rock and—with pressure, heat, and time—gradually change into a new type of rock.