In which layer of the atmosphere does the temperature remain constant to an altitude of about 20 kilometers?
The tropopause extends above the troposphere. Temperature remains constant with height in this layer. Jet streams flow through the tropopause where the latitudinal variations in temperature are great. The stratosphere lies above the tropopause, extending to a height of about 50 km (Lutgens 20).
How many spheres are involved in the exchanges of energy and moisture that occur in Earth’s climate system quizlet?
The climate system involves energy and moisture exchanges between five Earth spheres: biosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere.
What term refers to the temperature decrease in the troposphere?
What term refers to the temperature decrease in the troposphere? Environmental lapse rate.
What term refers to the atmosphere Study change in temperature with altitude?
lonosphere. What term refers to the atmosphere's steady change in temperature with altitude? temperature gradient.
On which basis the troposphere stratosphere mesosphere and thermosphere are distinguished from each other?
The different layers of the atmosphere. The atmosphere can be divided into layers based on its temperature, as shown in the figure below. These layers are the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere and the thermosphere. A further region, beginning about 500 km above the Earth's surface, is called the exosphere.
Which two layers are part of the thermosphere exosphere and ionosphere ionosphere and mesosphere mesosphere and stratosphere stratosphere and troposphere?
Layers of Earth's Atmosphere
- Troposphere. The troposphere is the lowest layer of our atmosphere. …
- Stratosphere. The next layer up is called the stratosphere. …
- Mesosphere. Above the stratosphere is the mesosphere. …
- Thermosphere. The layer of very rare air above the mesosphere is called the thermosphere. …
- Exosphere. …
- Ionosphere.
Which of the following units is used by meteorologist to measure air pressure?
In aviation and television weather reports, pressure is given in inches of mercury ("Hg), while meteorologists use millibars (mb), the unit of pressure found on weather maps. As an example, consider a "unit area" of 1 square inch.
Which of the following components of the atmosphere can have a significant effect on weather and climate?
Other Components (Variable) The air in our atmosphere has some variable components to it as well. These variable components include water vapor, dust particles, and ozone. Although these are found in small amounts, they can have significant effects on weather and climate.
What is vertical variation of temperature?
The rate of change of air temperature with height is called the "lapse rate". In the troposphere, the lapse rate is generally about 6.5 deg C per kilometer increase in altitude. The temperature can increase with height in the lower troposphere. When this happens, it is called an "inversion".
How do we measure climate change?
Climate change is most commonly measured using the average surface temperature of the planet.
What is called stratosphere?
The stratosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere. It is the second layer of the atmosphere as you go upward. The troposphere, the lowest layer, is right below the stratosphere. The next higher layer above the stratosphere is the mesosphere.
What is troposphere stratosphere mesosphere thermosphere exosphere?
The different layers of the atmosphere. The atmosphere can be divided into layers based on its temperature, as shown in the figure below. These layers are the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere and the thermosphere. A further region, beginning about 500 km above the Earth's surface, is called the exosphere.
Which of the following layers of the atmosphere is where the aurora borealis and australis found?
Finally, the aurora (the Southern and Northern Lights) primarily occur in the thermosphere.
What is the relationship between temperature and altitude in the troposphere stratosphere mesosphere thermosphere exosphere?
Temperature varies with altitude, as follows: In the troposphere, temperature decreases as altitude increases. In the stratosphere, temperature generally increases as altitude increases due to the increasing absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer.
What is altimeter and barometer?
Both the devices – an altimeter and a barometer – are used to measure pressure. Some altimeters are barometric, which means they measure altitude by calculating air pressure of a specific location. Barometers determine the changes in elevation as well as the changes to the air pressure caused by weather patterns.
Which of these instrument is used to measure the changes in atmospheric humidity?
hygrometer A hygrometer is an instrument used to measure relative humidity. Humidity is the measure of the amount of moisture in the air. A psychrometer is an example of a hygrometer.
Which gases contribute to the greenhouse effect nitrogen and helium carbon dioxide and methane carbon dioxide and helium nitrogen and methane?
Main Greenhouse Gases
| Greenhouse gas | Major sources |
|---|---|
| Carbon Dioxide | Fossil fuel combustion; Deforestation; Cement production |
| Methane | Fossil fuel production; Agriculture; Landfills |
| Nitrous Oxide | Fertilizer application; Fossil fuel and biomass combustion; Industrial processes |
| Chlorofluorocarbon-12 (CFC-12) | Refrigerants |
What is vertical distribution of air pressure?
The columnar distribution of atmospheric pressure is known as vertical distribution of pressure. Air pressure decreases with increase in altitude but it does not always decrease at the same rate. Dense components of atmosphere are found in its lowest parts near the mean sea level.
What is vertical temperature structure?
The vertical profile of the atmosphere is divided into four layers: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. The tops of these layers are known as the tropopause, stratopause, mesopause and thermopause, respectively.
What tools are used to measure climate?
There are many different instruments that can be used to measure the weather. Some examples are the thermometer, hygrometer, anemometer, barometer, rain gauge, and the wind vane.
Is there a single instrument to measure climate change?
d. Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen cycles are biogeochemical cycles. There is only one possible path for each stage in the rock cycle. There is a single instrument to measure climate change.
What is in the exosphere?
The region above about 500 km is called the exosphere. It contains mainly oxygen and hydrogen atoms, but there are so few of them that they rarely collide – they follow "ballistic" trajectories under the influence of gravity, and some of them escape right out into space.
What is troposphere layer?
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, ranging from the Earth's surface to an altitude of about 10–15 km, depending on latitude and time of year.
What is the boundary between the mesosphere and thermosphere called?
The boundary between the mesosphere and the thermosphere is called the mesopause. At the bottom of the mesosphere is the stratopause, the boundary between the mesosphere and the stratosphere.
Where are the ionosphere and exosphere?
What and where are the ionosphere and exosphere? Ionosphere: is the lower layer of the thermosphere. This is where earth's communication is located along with the aurora borealis. Exosphere: is the upper layer of the thermosphere.
Which atmospheric layer is where Earth’s northern and southern lights occur mesosphere stratosphere thermosphere troposphere?
Because of this, the top of the thermosphere can be found anywhere between 500 and 1,000 km (311 to 621 miles) above the ground. Temperatures in the upper thermosphere can range from about 500° C (932° F) to 2,000° C (3,632° F) or higher. The aurora, the Northern Lights and Southern Lights, occur in the thermosphere.
In which layer do auroras eg Northern Lights occur a exosphere B mesosphere C stratosphere D thermosphere?
Finally, the aurora (the Southern and Northern Lights) primarily occur in the thermosphere.
Why do places at the same latitude but different altitudes have different climate?
Two different places at the same latitudes may have different climates because there are other factors that affect the climate in addition to latitude. The climate is influenced by topography, elevation, large bodies of water, global winds and vegetation.
What instrument measures altitude?
altimeter An altimeter is a device that measures altitude, the distance of a point above sea level. Altimeters are important navigation instruments for aircraft and spacecraft pilots who monitor their height above the Earth's surface.
What does a barometer measure?
A barometer is a scientific instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure, also called barometric pressure. The atmosphere is the layers of air wrapped around the Earth. That air has a weight and presses against everything it touches as gravity pulls it to Earth. Barometers measure this pressure.