What are 3 types of magma and what is their viscosity?
Three general types are recognized: Basaltic magma — SiO2 45-55 wt%, high in Fe, Mg, Ca, low in K, Na. Andesitic magma — SiO2 55-65 wt%, intermediate. in Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, K….Temperature of Magmas
- Basaltic magma – 1000 to 1200oC.
- Andesitic magma – 800 to 1000oC.
- Rhyolitic magma – 650 to 800oC.
Sep 14, 2015
What are 3 ways magma can form?
There are three principal ways rock behavior crosses to the right of the green solidus line to create molten magma: 1) decompression melting caused by lowering the pressure, 2) flux melting caused by adding volatiles (see more below), and 3) heat-induced melting caused by increasing the temperature.
How do different types of magma form?
Magma is formed by both wet and dry melting processes. By melting different parts of the layers of the earth, basaltic, rhyolitic and andesitic magma will be formed.
What are the three characteristics of magma?
Melting of solid rocks to form magma is controlled by three physical parameters: its temperature, pressure, and composition.
What are the 4 types of magma?
Because many of the properties of a magma (such as its viscosity and temperature) are observed to correlate with silica content, silicate magmas are divided into four chemical types based on silica content: felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic.
Why are there so many different types of magma?
Why are there so many different types of magmas? Because it depends on the source, how it interacts with its surroundings (assimilation), and whether crystals sink as they form (partial melting and magma mixing).
What are the types of magma?
There are three basic types of magma: basaltic, andesitic, and rhyolitic, each of which has a different mineral composition. All types of magma have a significant percentage of silicon dioxide. Basaltic magma is high in iron, magnesium, and calcium but low in potassium and sodium.
What are the four types of magma?
Because many of the properties of a magma (such as its viscosity and temperature) are observed to correlate with silica content, silicate magmas are divided into four chemical types based on silica content: felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic.
What 3 factors affect the formation of magma?
What three factors affect the formation of magma? Pressure, water, and temperature.
What are examples of magma?
The definition of magma is the molten rock material under the Earth's crust or a suspension of particles in a liquid. An example of magma is what comes out of a volcano. An example of magma is a mixture of water with salt particles hanging in it.
What is primary magma?
Primary magma is produced by the direct melting of the earth's mantle. Magmas with the highest Mg concentrations will be most representative of the original mantle. A lower Mg level indicates the magma has undergone modification by fractional crystallization, assimilation, or magma mixing. Primary magma.
What is mafic magma?
Describes magma that contains lower amounts of silica and is generally less viscous and less gas-rich than silicic magma. Tends to erupt effusively, as lava flows. Includes andesites (57-63 percent SiO2), basaltic andesites (53-57 percent SiO2), and basalts (47-53 percent SiO2).
What are the 4 different types of lava?
Because of the role of silica in determining viscosity and because many other properties of a lava (such as its temperature) are observed to correlate with silica content, silicate lavas are divided into four chemical types based on silica content: felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic.
What are four types of lava?
Because of the role of silica in determining viscosity and because many other properties of a lava (such as its temperature) are observed to correlate with silica content, silicate lavas are divided into four chemical types based on silica content: felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic.
What are types of magma?
There are three basic types of magma: basaltic, andesitic, and rhyolitic, each of which has a different mineral composition. All types of magma have a significant percentage of silicon dioxide. Basaltic magma is high in iron, magnesium, and calcium but low in potassium and sodium.
What is felsic magma?
Felsic refers to silicate minerals, magma, and rocks which are enriched in the lighter elements such as silicon, oxygen, aluminium, sodium, and potassium. Felsic magma or lava is higher in viscosity than mafic magma/lava. Felsic rocks are usually light in color and have specific gravities less than 3.
What is basaltic magma?
Basaltic (or mafic) magma predominates in nonexplosive volcanic eruptions. It is a high-temperature magma (1,200 °C (about 2,200 °F)) characterized by flowing lava, and it is made up of about 45–55 percent silica (SiO2) by weight.
What are the 2 main types of lava?
Lavas, particularly basaltic ones, come in two primary types: pahoehoe (pronounced 'paw-hoey-hoey") and aa (pronounced "ah-ah"). Both names, like a number of volcanological terms, are of Hawaiian origin. A third type, pillow lava, forms during submarine eruptions.
What are the 2 types of lava?
Lavas, particularly basaltic ones, come in two primary types: pahoehoe (pronounced 'paw-hoey-hoey") and aa (pronounced "ah-ah"). Both names, like a number of volcanological terms, are of Hawaiian origin.
What is andesitic magma?
Andesite is a gray to black volcanic rock with between about 52 and 63 weight percent silica (SiO2). Andesites contain crystals composed primarily of plagioclase feldspar and one or more of the minerals pyroxene (clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene) and lesser amounts of hornblende.
What is rhyolitic magma?
Rhyolitic lavas are viscous and tend to form thick blocky lava flows or steep-sided piles of lava called lava domes. Rhyolite magmas tend to erupt explosively, commonly also producing abundant ash and pumice.
What are the 3 types of lava flows associated with basaltic lava?
There are three types of basalt lava flows: pillow, pahoehoe, and a'a.
What are the 4 types of lava?
Because of the role of silica in determining viscosity and because many other properties of a lava (such as its temperature) are observed to correlate with silica content, silicate lavas are divided into four chemical types based on silica content: felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic.