What are the three components of magma?
Magma and lava contain three components: melt, solids, and volatiles.
What are the major components of magma?
Magmas can vary widely in composition, but in general they are made up of only eight elements; in order of importance: oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, magnesium, and potassium (Figure 3.2. 1).
Which type of igneous rock would contain the most silica?
In a widely accepted silica-content classification scheme, rocks with more than 65 percent silica are called felsic; those with between 55 and 65 percent silica are intermediate; those with between 45 and 55 percent silica are mafic; and those with less than 45 percent are ultramafic.
Which type of igneous rocks contain more Ferromagnesian silicates?
Intermediate (andesitic) rocks contain more of the ferromagnesian minerals (30 to 50 percent) and little or no quartz. In contrast, the dark- colored mafic (basaltic) igneous rocks are dominantly made of ferromagnesian silicates (60 to 80 percent or more) and the gray, calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar.
What are the three major components of all magma quizlet?
Most magmas consist of three materials: a liquid component, a solid component, and a gaseous component.
What is felsic magma?
Felsic refers to silicate minerals, magma, and rocks which are enriched in the lighter elements such as silicon, oxygen, aluminium, sodium, and potassium. Felsic magma or lava is higher in viscosity than mafic magma/lava. Felsic rocks are usually light in color and have specific gravities less than 3.
What are the three components of every magma quizlet?
Most magmas consist of three materials: a liquid component, a solid component, and a gaseous component.
What are the top 2 composition of magma?
Viscosity of Magmas
| Summary Table | ||
|---|---|---|
| Magma Type | Solidified Rock | Chemical Composition |
| Basaltic | Basalt | 45-55 SiO2 %, high in Fe, Mg, Ca, low in K, Na |
| Andesitic | Andesite | 55-65 SiO2 %, intermediate in Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, K |
| Rhyolitic | Rhyolite | 65-75 SiO2 %, low in Fe, Mg, Ca, high in K, Na. |
Sep 14, 2015
Which of the following magma types has the greatest silica content?
MAGMA COMPOSITION AND ROCK TYPES The magma types vary from mafic magmas, which have relatively low silica and high Fe and Mg contents, to felsic magmas, which have relatively high silica and low Fe and Mg contents.
Which magma type has the highest silica content?
Felsic MagmaFelsic magma Felsic MagmaFelsic magma has the highest silica content of all magma types, between 65-70%. As a result, felsic magma also has the highest gas content and viscosity, and lowest mean temperatures, between 650o and 800o Celsius (1202o and 1472o Fahrenheit).
Which type of magma has the greatest silica content?
MAGMA COMPOSITION AND ROCK TYPES The magma types vary from mafic magmas, which have relatively low silica and high Fe and Mg contents, to felsic magmas, which have relatively high silica and low Fe and Mg contents.
What are Ferromagnesian silicates?
Ferromagnesian silicates contain iron (Fe) or Magnesium (Mg). These elements produce dark mineral colors. The ferromagnesian minerals tend to look metallic in their luster, have relatively high density, and are often magnetic. Clays are another important group of silicates.
Which of the following is not one of the components of magma?
Answer and Explanation: The correct answer is c. water. Water is not a significant component of magma.
What is the gaseous component of magma called?
gaseous components of magma, called volatiles, are materials that vaporize (form a gas) at surface pressures. The most common volatiles found in magma are water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2).
What does mafic magma contain?
Mafic magmas are low in silica and contain more dark, magnesium and iron rich mafic minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene. Felsic magmas are higher in silica and contain lighter colored minerals such as quartz and orthoclase feldspar. The higher the amount of silica in the magma, the higher is its viscosity.
What is mafic magma?
Describes magma that contains lower amounts of silica and is generally less viscous and less gas-rich than silicic magma. Tends to erupt effusively, as lava flows. Includes andesites (57-63 percent SiO2), basaltic andesites (53-57 percent SiO2), and basalts (47-53 percent SiO2).
What is sill made of?
A sill is a formation of igneous rock found in features such as mesas, hogbacks, and cuestas. Although sills can become exposed, sills are formed underground and are thus composed of plutonic igneous rocks . Sills are an intrusive rock formation.
What type of magma has the least silica content?
mafic magmas MAGMA COMPOSITION AND ROCK TYPES The magma types vary from mafic magmas, which have relatively low silica and high Fe and Mg contents, to felsic magmas, which have relatively high silica and low Fe and Mg contents.
Which type of magma has the highest silicon and volatile content?
Felsic MagmaFelsic magma has the highest silica content of all magma types, between 65-70%. As a result, felsic magma also has the highest gas content and viscosity, and lowest mean temperatures, between 650o and 800o Celsius (1202o and 1472o Fahrenheit).
Which type of magma has an intermediate amount of silica?
Andesitic magma Types of magma are determined by chemical composition of the magma. Three general types are recognized: Basaltic magma — SiO2 45-55 wt%, high in Fe, Mg, Ca, low in K, Na. Andesitic magma — SiO2 55-65 wt%, intermediate.
What is the silica content of basaltic magma?
about 50% silica Basaltic magmas contain about 50% silica.
What is magma silica?
Silicon dioxide, the most abundant rock-forming compound on Earth and the predominant molecular constituent of volcanic rocks and magmas. It tends to polymerize into molecular chains, increasing the viscosity of the magma.
What are Ferromagnesian silicates made of?
Ferromagnesian silicates contain iron (Fe) or Magnesium (Mg). These elements produce dark mineral colors. The ferromagnesian minerals tend to look metallic in their luster, have relatively high density, and are often magnetic. Non-silicate minerals include a wide variety of minerals.
What is the difference between Ferromagnesian and non Ferromagnesian?
Mineral composition: is based upon the abundance of Ferromagnesian (minerals rich in iron and/or magnesium) and Non- ferromagnesian minerals (minerals that lack iron and/or magnesium), which is in turn influenced by Bowen's Reaction Series.
What is the silica content?
The silica content of the magma determines how thick the magma is, how easily it flows and how easily dissolved gases within the magma can escape; therefore the silica content determines the characteristic of the volcanic eruption and the shape and size of the resulting volcanic cone.
Which type of magma contains more silica?
Felsic magma has more silica and alumina content, which makes magma more viscous. Mafic magma has less silica content and more iron and magnesium in it.
What is dyke and sill?
A sill is a concordant intrusive sheet, meaning that a sill does not cut across preexisting rock beds. Stacking of sills builds a sill complex and a large magma chamber at high magma flux. In contrast, a dike is a discordant intrusive sheet, which does cut across older rocks.
How Dyke is formed?
When molten magma flows upward through near-vertical cracks (faults or joints) toward the surface and cools, dykes are formed. Dykes are sheet-like igneous intrusions that cut across any layers in the rock they intrude.
What magma contains the most silica?
Rhyolitic magma contains the most silica. Silica is a chemical compound with the formula SiO2. Rhyolitic magma contains approximately 65 to 75…
What is silica content of magma?
MAGMA COMPOSITION AND ROCK TYPES
| SiO2 CONTENT | MAGMA TYPE | VOLCANIC ROCK |
|---|---|---|
| ~50% | Mafic | Basalt |
| ~60% | Intermediate | Andesite |
| ~65% | Felsic (low Si) | Dacite |
| ~70% | Felsic (high Si) | Rhyolite |