What determines the structure of the protein?
The primary structure of a protein is determined by the gene corresponding to the protein. A specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is read by the ribosome in a process called translation.
What determines the structure and function of a protein synthesized by the body?
Cells use the genetic code stored within DNA to build proteins, which ultimately determine the structure and function of the cell. This genetic code lies in the particular sequence of nucleotides that make up each gene along the DNA molecule.
What determines the structure and function of a protein synthesized by the body quizlet?
structure and size of protein depends on genes set of instructions. genes serve as a template for protein's synthesis. RNA exits the nucleus to the cell cytoplasm and binds to the ribosomes.
What determines the structure of a protein quizlet?
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence; this sequence determines a protein's secondary structure—the form a protein assumes after having folded up.
Which of the following can affect protein structure?
The main forces that affect structure are electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonding forces, hydrophobic forces, and disulfide bonds. Each of these affect protein structure in different ways.
How proteins are synthesized and how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins?
Cells use the genetic code stored within DNA to build proteins, which ultimately determines the structure and function of the cell. This genetic code lies in the particular sequence of nucleotides that make up each gene along the DNA molecule.
Does the rough ER make ribosomes?
The rough endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes and makes protein, whereas the smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not contain ribosomes and functions to make lipids and detoxify the cell.
What determines the function of protein quizlet?
The shape of a protein determines its specific function. If a protein's shape is altered, it can no longer function.
Where is information stored that determines the function of a protein quizlet?
A protein's shape and chemical behavior are determined by its linear sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the stored information in the DNA of a gene that is transferred to RNA, which then directs the protein's synthesis.
What determines the sequence of the amino acids in the primary structure during protein synthesis?
The actual order of the amino acids in the protein is called its primary structure and is determined by DNA. The order of deoxyribonucleotide bases in a gene determines the amino acid sequence of a particular protein.
What causes changes in protein structure?
Denaturation and protein folding If the temperature or pH of a protein's environment is changed, or if it is exposed to chemicals, these interactions may be disrupted, causing the protein to lose its three-dimensional structure and turn back into an unstructured string of amino acids.
What causes change in protein structure biology?
Each protein has its own unique sequence and shape that are held together by chemical interactions. If the protein is subject to changes in temperature, pH, or exposure to chemicals, the protein structure may change, losing its shape without losing its primary sequence in what is known as denaturation.
How is protein synthesis regulated?
Once synthesized, most proteins can be regulated in response to extracellular signals by either covalent modifications or by association with other molecules. In addition, the levels of proteins within cells can be controlled by differential rates of protein degradation.
How DNA regulates protein synthesis?
1 Answer
- DNA regulates protein synthesis by coding for the specific sequence of amino acids in a protein.
- This control is possible through transcription of m-RNA.
- Genetic code is specific for particular amino acid.
Oct 20, 2021
Which organelle is mainly responsible for synthesizing proteins?
A ribosome is an organelle that serves as the site of protein synthesis.
What is the role of endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis?
Abstract. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the port of entry of the protein secretory pathway. Proteins destined for the cell wall, the vacuole or for the other compartments of the endomembrane system are first inserted into the ER and then transported to the Golgi complex en route to their final destinations.
What determines the three-dimensional shape of a protein quizlet?
Ans: The three-dimensional structure is determined by the amino-acid sequence. This means that the amino-acid sequence contains all of the information that is required for the polypeptide chain to fold up into a discrete three-dimensional shape.
What stores information for protein synthesis?
1 Answer. DNA stores genetic information. This information will be used to carry out the process of protein synthesis.
How genes determine the structure of proteins?
Each protein is coded for by a gene, which is typically hundreds or thousands of base pairs in length. The information in the gene specifies the order in which the amino acids will be assembled into the protein. The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell.
What determines the amino acid sequence of a protein quizlet?
How is the sequence of amino acids in a protein determined? The sequence of amino acids is determined by each individual base in DNA that codes for an amino acid. The sequence of amino acids is not dependent on the order of bases in the DNA.
What affects the shape of a protein?
The shape of a protein is determined by its primary structure (sequence of amino acids). The sequence of amino acids in a protein is determined by the sequence of nucleotides in the gene (DNA) encoding it.
What are the factors that affect protein?
6 Factors That Affect Your Protein Requirements
- CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE. One of the most influential factors in deciding your protein requirements is carbohydrates and the amount you're consuming. …
- HORMONE PROFILES. …
- TRAINING VOLUME. …
- GUT HEALTH. …
- QUALITY OF PROTEIN. …
- CALORIE INTAKE.
How a gene mutation may influence the structure of a protein?
Sometimes, gene variants (also known as mutations) prevent one or more proteins from working properly. By changing a gene's instructions for making a protein, a variant can cause a protein to malfunction or to not be produced at all.
What controls protein synthesis in the cell?
Ribosomes are the sites in a cell in which protein synthesis takes place. Cells have many ribosomes, and the exact number depends on how active a particular cell is in synthesizing proteins. For example, rapidly growing cells usually have a large number of ribosomes (Figure 5).
How are protein synthesized?
Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
What regulates protein synthesis in the cell?
The availability of mRNA and the amounts and activities of ribosomes, initiation factors, and elongation factors are the major regulators of protein synthesis.
How does the structure of DNA determine the structure of proteins?
Structure of DNA: double-stranded helix held by complementary base pairs. DNA carries the genetic information for making proteins. The four bases A, T, C and G make up the genetic code. The base sequence determines amino acid sequence in protein.
Which of the following is responsible for protein synthesis?
Ribosomes Ribosomes are the sites in a cell in which protein synthesis takes place by the process of translation. The are present attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or freely float in the cytoplasm. it is made of 2 subunits.
What cell structure is responsible for protein synthesis quizlet?
Ribosomes are Responsible for Protein Synthesis and are often Associated with the Endoplasmic Reticulum 3.5.
What is the Golgi apparatus role in protein synthesis?
The Golgi apparatus, or Golgi complex, functions as a factory in which proteins received from the ER are further processed and sorted for transport to their eventual destinations: lysosomes, the plasma membrane, or secretion. In addition, as noted earlier, glycolipids and sphingomyelin are synthesized within the Golgi.