What do we mean by the frost line when discussing the formation of planets in the solar nebula?
What do we mean by the frost line when we discuss the formation of planets in the solar nebula? It is a circle at a particular distance from the Sun, beyond which the temperature was low enough for ices to condense.
What do hydrogen compounds condense into?
Outside the frost line, temperatures are cooler and hydrogen compounds are able to condense into ices. Rock and metal are still present in the outer solar system, but both are outnumbered and outweighed by the hydrogen compounds.
What do we mean by accretion in the context of planet?
In astrophysics, accretion is the accumulation of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter, typically gaseous matter, in an accretion disk. Most astronomical objects, such as galaxies, stars, and planets, are formed by accretion processes.
What kind of material in the solar nebula would condense?
In the inner part of the nebula only metals and rocks were able to condense because of the high temperatures, whereas hydrogen compounds, although more abundant, were only able to condense in the cooler outer regions.
What was the frost line which ingredients condensed inside and outside the frost line what role did it play in the formation of two distinct types of planets?
Frost line is the area cold enough for hydrogen compounds to condense into ices. Frost line marked the transition between the warm inner regions of the solar system where terrestrial planets formed and the cool outer regions where Jovian planets formed.
What is the ice line sometimes called the snow line or the frost line )?
In astronomy or planetary science, the frost line, also known as the snow line or ice line, is the particular distance in the solar nebula from the central protostar where it is cold enough for volatile compounds such as water, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide to condense into solid ice grains.
What were the first solid materials to condense in the early hot solar nebula?
It is an aggregate of corundum, hibonite, and perovskite, the three minerals expected to condense first in a hot, cooling gas of solar composition. This inclusion was one of the first rocks to form in the solar system 4.5 billion years ago.
What kind of material in the solar nebula would condense at temperatures as high as 1500 K?
refractory elements The solar nebula is a cooling gas. We can calculate what materials will condense out as the nebula cools. Here is an example of such a calculation. At the highest temperatures (>1500 K), we get refractory elements – elements which stay solid at high temperatures (tungsten, for example).
What is the accretion model theory of formation of the solar system?
The core accretion model Approximately 4.6 billion years ago, the solar system was a cloud of dust and gas known as a solar nebula. Gravity collapsed the material in on itself as it began to spin, forming the sun in the center of the nebula. With the rise of the sun, the remaining material began to clump together.
Which planet besides Earth has been visited by the largest number of robotic spacecraft?
Astronomy Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Cassini mission to Saturn consists of: | An orbiter that orbits Saturn and a probe that descended to the surface of Titan. |
| Which planet (besides Earth) has been visited by the largest number of robotic spacecraft? | Mars |
What solids are available outside the snow line?
Scarce, the solid matter available has generated only small objects. Beyond the line of ice, the temperature drops below 260 k and the water molecules, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and methane are condensed.
What is the frost line quizlet?
Frost line- the distance at which it was cold enough for ices to condense-, which lays between Mars and Jupiter today.
What condensed inside the frost line?
In astronomy or planetary science, the frost line, also known as the snow line or ice line, is the particular distance in the solar nebula from the central protostar where it is cold enough for volatile compounds such as water, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide to condense into solid ice grains.
What happens in the process of gravitational condensation quizlet?
What happens in the process of gravitational condensation? Solid particles are formed from solar nebula materials.
How did material condense in the inner parts of the solar nebula?
As the disk radiated away its internal heat in the form of infrared radiation (Wien's law) the temperature dropped and the heaviest molecules began to form tiny solid or liquid droplets, a process called condensation.
What is condensation in astronomy?
Condensation is the process of forming solid particles from the solar nebula, whereas the solar nebula is a cloud of interstellar gas and dust that condensed to form the entire solar system, including the sun and planets.
What was the material from which the solar system formed?
The Sun and the planets formed together, 4.6 billion years ago, from a cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula. A shock wave from a nearby supernova explosion probably initiated the collapse of the solar nebula. The Sun formed in the center, and the planets formed in a thin disk orbiting around it.
What is the name of the theory that states our solar system formed through the gravitational contraction of a gas cloud?
The nebular theory holds that our Solar System formed out of a nebula which collapsed under its own gravity. – We observe stars in the process of forming today. – The are always found within interstellar clouds of gas.
Who owns Mars planet?
Mars belongs to everybody, according to the Outer Space Treaty, which the United States signed back in 1967. The treaty says nobody can own a celestial body.
Where is Mars today?
Mars is currently in the constellation of Aries. The current Right Ascension of Mars is 02h 36m 17s and the Declination is +13° 26' 18” (topocentric coordinates computed for the selected location: Greenwich, United Kingdom (change)).
What is the ice line sometimes called the snow line or the frost line )? Group of answer choices?
In astronomy or planetary science, the frost line, also known as the snow line or ice line, is the particular distance in the solar nebula from the central protostar where it is cold enough for volatile compounds such as water, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide to condense into solid ice grains.
What role did the frost line play in the formation of two distinct types of planets?
Frost line marked the transition between the warm inner regions of the solar system where terrestrial planets formed and the cool outer regions where Jovian planets formed.
What is meant by the term frost line?
frost line. noun. the deepest point in the ground to which frost will penetrate. the limit towards the equator beyond which frosts do not occur.
How does the condensation theory for the origin of the solar system account for the terrestrial planets?
Farther from the Sun, the Jovian planets formed first by the condensation of a dense core and then by a thick outer layer of light gasses. This condensation-based separation of heavy and light elements explains why the terrestrial planets are enriched in the heavier elements compared to the Universe as a whole.
Who created Earth?
Formation. When the solar system settled into its current layout about 4.5 billion years ago, Earth formed when gravity pulled swirling gas and dust in to become the third planet from the Sun. Like its fellow terrestrial planets, Earth has a central core, a rocky mantle, and a solid crust.
What is condensation of nebula?
Condensation is the process of forming solid particles from the solar nebula, whereas the solar nebula is a cloud of interstellar gas and dust that condensed to form the entire solar system, including the sun and planets.
What materials formed the solar system quizlet?
4.6 billion years ago, the solar system was a cloud of dust and gas. This nebula is made up of dust and gas, mostly hydrogen and helium, with a small percentage of heavier atoms. These heavier atoms had been formed earlier in the history of the Universe when other stars aged and died.
What causes the gas and dust cloud to condense?
According to the nebula hypothesis, the Solar System began as a nebula, an area in the Milky Way Galaxy that was a swirling concentration of cold gas and dust. Due to some perturbation, possibly from a nearby supernova, this cloud of gas and dust began to condense, or pull together under the force of its own gravity.
Can I buy the moon?
Can I buy the moon? For now at least, the moon is like the sea: everyone can use it, but no one can own it. In 1967 the U.S. and the Soviet Union negotiated the Outer Space Treaty, which states that no nation can own a piece of the moon or an asteroid.
Can I own the moon?
The Outer Space Treaty means therefore that – no matter whose national flags are planted on the lunar surface – no nation can 'own' the Moon. As of 2019, 109 nations are bound by the Treaty, and another 23 have signed the agreement but have yet to be officially recognised.