What does the texture of an igneous rock tell us about it’s cooling history?
Texture — the size of the crystals can be crudely related to the rate of cooling. The higher the rate of cooling the smaller the size of the crystals. The rate of cooling is proportional to the difference in temperature between the bodies in contact with heat flowing from the warmer body to the cooler body.
What is the texture of cooled magma?
If magma cools slowly, deep within the crust, the resulting rock is called intrusive or plutonic. The slow cooling process allows crystals to grow large, giving the intrusive igneous rock a coarse-grained or phaneritic texture.
What does a volcanic texture indicate about the cooling history of an igneous rock?
What does a porphyritic texture indicate about the cooling history of an igneous rock? It indicates that crystals were formed at depth (slow cooling) and then the magma moved to a shallow depth or erupted (fast cooling).
What does the texture of an igneous rock tell you about its cooling history quizlet?
The texture of an igneous rock is determined by the cooling history of the magma from which it formed. Magmas that cool slowly form large crystals, and those that cool quickly form small crystals.
When magma cools quickly what kind of texture or crystals does a rock have?
Very quickly cooled lavas, typically those quenched in water, will have a glassy texture. They cool too quickly to form crystals.
What does the texture of a rock tell us?
The texture of a rock is the size, shape, and arrangement of the grains (for sedimentary rocks) or crystals (for igneous and metamorphic rocks). Also of importance are the rock's extent of homogeneity (i.e., uniformity of composition throughout) and the degree of isotropy.
What happens when magma cools?
As magma cools the elements within the magma combine and crystalize into minerals that form an igneous rock. Magma cools either below the surface or at the surface (magma that reaches the surface is called lava). As magma cools igneous rock is formed.
What is the texture of an igneous rock formed from magma?
The magma, called lava when molten rock erupts on the surface, cools and solidifies almost instantly when it is exposed to the relatively cool temperature of the atmosphere. Quick cooling means that mineral crystals don't have much time to grow, so these rocks have a very fine-grained or even glassy texture.
What is magma solid rock with a fine texture cooled rock with large crystals molten rock below Earth’s surface flowing rock above Earth’s surface?
Igneous rocks form when magma (molten rock) cools and crystallizes, either at volcanoes on the surface of the Earth or while the melted rock is still inside the crust. All magma develops underground, in the lower crust or upper mantle, because of the intense heat there.
When magma cools what type of rock does it become?
igneous rock Extrusive, or volcanic, igneous rock is produced when magma exits and cools above (or very near) the Earth's surface. These are the rocks that form at erupting volcanoes and oozing fissures.
Which type of rock is formed when magma cools?
igneous rock Extrusive, or volcanic, igneous rock is produced when magma exits and cools above (or very near) the Earth's surface. These are the rocks that form at erupting volcanoes and oozing fissures.
What does the texture indicate?
In a general sense, the word texture refers to surface characteristics and appearance of an object given by the size, shape, density, arrangement, proportion of its elementary parts (99). A texture is usually described as smooth or rough, soft or hard, coarse of fine, matt or glossy, and etc.
What rock forms when magma cools?
igneous rock Extrusive, or volcanic, igneous rock is produced when magma exits and cools above (or very near) the Earth's surface. These are the rocks that form at erupting volcanoes and oozing fissures.
What is the texture or an igneous rock formed from magma that cooled slowly deep underground?
PHANERITIC TEXTURE PHANERITIC TEXTURE – Igneous rocks with large, visible crystals because the rock formed slowly in an underground magma chamber.
What is the texture of igneous rock?
The texture of an igneous rock made up entirely of crystals big enough to be easily seen with the naked eye is phaneritic. Phaneritic texture is sometimes referred to as coarse-grained igneous texture. Granite, the most well known example of an intrusive igneous rock, has a phaneritic texture.
What is magma solid rock with a fine texture cooled rock with large crystals?
Igneous rocks form when magma (molten rock) cools and crystallizes, either at volcanoes on the surface of the Earth or while the melted rock is still inside the crust.
What is magma solid rock with a fine texture cooled rock with large crystals molten rock below Earth’s surface flowing rock above Earth’s surface quizlet?
Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling of magma above Earth's surface and lava below the surface. Igneous rocks are produced by the weathering and transport of pre-existing rocks. Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and crystallization of molten rock.
What kind of texture does igneous rock have when magma cools rapidly?
aphanitic igneous texture Magmas that erupt as lava onto the earth's surface cool and solidify rapidly. Rapid cooling results in an aphanitic igneous texture, in which few or none of the individual minerals are big enough to see with the naked eye. This is sometimes referred to as a fine-grained igneous texture.
What is the texture of the rock?
The texture of a rock is the size, shape, and arrangement of the grains (for sedimentary rocks) or crystals (for igneous and metamorphic rocks). Also of importance are the rock's extent of homogeneity (i.e., uniformity of composition throughout) and the degree of isotropy. The…
What effect does the cooling of magma have on mineral texture?
If the magma cools rapidly, the crystal formed is very small. This rock has a fine-grained texture. On the other hand, if the magma cools slowly, the crystal formed is large. This rock has a coarse-grained texture.
How is the texture of an igneous rock that cools underground intrusive different from an igneous rock that cools above ground extrusive )?
Extrusive igneous rocks cool much more rapidly than intrusive rocks. The rapid cooling time does not allow time for large crystals to form. So igneous extrusive rocks have smaller crystals than igneous intrusive rocks.
When magma cools slowly the rocks that form?
The magma cools very slowly. As magma cools minerals are formed into an interlocking arrangement producing an igneous rock.
What kind of texture does igneous rocks have when magma cools rapidly?
aphanitic igneous texture Magmas that erupt as lava onto the earth's surface cool and solidify rapidly. Rapid cooling results in an aphanitic igneous texture, in which few or none of the individual minerals are big enough to see with the naked eye. This is sometimes referred to as a fine-grained igneous texture.
What type of texture is found when magma cools slowly within warm rock underground?
PHANERITIC TEXTURE PHANERITIC TEXTURE – Igneous rocks with large, visible crystals because the rock formed slowly in an underground magma chamber.
Which rock are formed by cooling of magma?
igneous rock Extrusive, or volcanic, igneous rock is produced when magma exits and cools above (or very near) the Earth's surface. These are the rocks that form at erupting volcanoes and oozing fissures.
When magma cools what type of rocks does it become?
igneous rock Extrusive, or volcanic, igneous rock is produced when magma exits and cools above (or very near) the Earth's surface. These are the rocks that form at erupting volcanoes and oozing fissures.
What causes the cooling of magma?
Decompression melting often occurs at divergent boundaries, where tectonic plates separate. The rifting movement causes the buoyant magma below to rise and fill the space of lower pressure. The rock then cools into new crust.
What is the texture of an igneous rock formed from magma that cooled slowly underground?
PHANERITIC TEXTURE – Igneous rocks with large, visible crystals because the rock formed slowly in an underground magma chamber.
What happens when magma cools down?
As magma cools the elements within the magma combine and crystalize into minerals that form an igneous rock. Magma cools either below the surface or at the surface (magma that reaches the surface is called lava). As magma cools igneous rock is formed.
What is the texture of an igneous rock formed from magma that cooled slowly deep underground quizlet?
Igneous rock that formed from magma that hardened beneath Earth's surface. Slowly cooling magma forms coarse-grained rocks, such as granite, with large crystals.