What factors influence the texture of an igneous rock quizlet?
The three factors that influence the textures of igneous rocks are the speed of cooling, the silicate content, and the water content. The speed of cooling affects the texture because the faster the rate of cooling, the smoother the rock will be (finer texture, aphanitic).
What factors affect the kind of igneous rock?
The type of igneous rocks that form from magma is a function of three factors: the chemical composition of the magma; temperature of solidification; and the rate of cooling which influences the crystallization process.
What are the texture of igneous rock?
Igneous textures are used by geologists in determining the mode of origin of igneous rocks and are used in rock classification. The six main types of textures are phaneritic, aphanitic, porphyritic, glassy, pyroclastic, and pegmatitic.
Which are the 4 types of texture for igneous rocks?
Igneous Rock Textures
- COARSE GRAINED TEXTURE (PHANERITIC), mineral grains easily visible (grains several mm in size or larger)
- B) FINE GRAINED TEXTURE (APHANITIC), mineral grains smaller than 1mm (need hand lens or microscope to see minerals)
- C) PORPHYRITIC TEXTURE (MIXED FINE AND COARSE)
Why do igneous rocks have different textures quizlet?
What affects the texture of an igneous rock? The texture of an igneous rock is determined by the cooling history of the magma from which it formed. Magmas that cool slowly form large crystals, and those that cool quickly form small crystals. Define phaneritic texture.
What are the six major igneous rock textures quizlet?
There are six common igneous rock textures:
- aphanitic (fine grained)
- phaneritic (coarse grained)
- porphyritic (coarse grained and fine grained)
- glassy or vesicular/frothy (glass or gas bubbles)
- pyroclastic (rock fragments/ash welded together)
- pegmatitic (large minerals, >2 cm)
What are the two factors that help to identify igneous rocks?
What an igneous rock looks like is determined by two things. One is the composition of the magma. The other is how fast the magma cools. The rate of cooling determines the texture of the rock.
What are the differences in the textures of igneous rocks?
Texture is comprised of grains, and there are a few main types of igneous rock grains: Equant grains are those with boundaries of equal lengths; rectangular tablet shapes are known as tabular grains; acicular grains are slender crystals; long fibers are known as fibrous grains, and a grain that is prismatic is one that …
What are the factors explaining texture?
Explanation: The term texture is defined as the mutual relationship of different mineralogical constituents in a rock. It is determined by the size, shape and arrangement of these constituents within the body of the rock.
How do you determine igneous rock texture?
The name of the igneous rock depends on what minerals are present. If there are lots of light-colored minerals and the rock is coarse grained, it is granite. If there are mostly dark-colored minerals and the rock is fine grained, it is basalt.
What feature of an igneous rock will tell you the texture quizlet?
The texture of an igneous rock is determined by the cooling history of the magma from which it formed. Magmas that cool slowly form large crystals, and those that cool quickly form small crystals.
What causes vesicular texture igneous rock?
Extrusive Igneous Rocks: Quick cooling means that mineral crystals don't have much time to grow, so these rocks have a very fine-grained or even glassy texture. Hot gas bubbles are often trapped in the quenched lava, forming a bubbly, vesicular texture.
Which one of the following largely controls the texture of an igneous rock?
The texture of an igneous rock (fine-grained vs coarse-grained) is dependent on the rate of cooling of the melt: slow cooling allows large crystals to form, fast cooling yields small crystals.
How does the rate of cooling influence crystal size what other factors influence the textures of igneous rocks?
How does the rate of cooling influence crystal size? What other factors influence the texture of igneous rocks? Slower cooling results in fewer, larger crystals, while more rapid cooling results in a solid mass of small interwoven crystals. Other factors include the origin of the rock's formation and how it formed.
What factors can affect the texture of a sedimentary rock?
Textures of Sedimentary Rocks
- The strength of the wind or water currents that carry and deposit the sediment. …
- The distance transported or time in the transportation process. …
- Biological activity with the sediment prior to diagenesis. …
- The chemical environment under which diagenesis occurs.
Apr 17, 2013
What are the factors that can affect rock formation?
The principal factors controlling the strength of solid rocks are: I) mineral composition, structure and texture; 2) bedding, jointing and anisotropy; 3) water content; 4) state of stress in the rock mass.
What factors influence the texture of sediments?
Textures of Sedimentary Rocks
- The strength of the wind or water currents that carry and deposit the sediment. …
- The distance transported or time in the transportation process. …
- Biological activity with the sediment prior to diagenesis. …
- The chemical environment under which diagenesis occurs.
Apr 17, 2013
What determines the texture of a rock?
The texture of a rock is the size, shape, and arrangement of the grains (for sedimentary rocks) or crystals (for igneous and metamorphic rocks). Also of importance are the rock's extent of homogeneity (i.e., uniformity of composition throughout) and the degree of isotropy.
What are the factors that you should consider when classifying igneous rocks?
Among them are:
- Minerals Present in the Rock (the mode). The minerals present in a rock and their relative proportions in the rock depend largely on the chemical composition of the magma. …
- Texture of the Rock. Rock texture depends to a large extent on cooling history of the magma. …
- Color. …
- Chemical Composition.
Jan 11, 2011
What type of igneous feature would you find rocks with a vesicular texture?
Vesicular texture is a volcanic rock texture characterized by a rock being pitted with many cavities (known as vesicles) at its surface and inside. This texture is common in aphanitic, or glassy, igneous rocks that have come to the surface of the earth, a process known as extrusion.
What is the texture of an igneous rock formed from magma?
The magma, called lava when molten rock erupts on the surface, cools and solidifies almost instantly when it is exposed to the relatively cool temperature of the atmosphere. Quick cooling means that mineral crystals don't have much time to grow, so these rocks have a very fine-grained or even glassy texture.
What can you tell about an igneous rock that has a fine texture?
Extrusive igneous rocks have a fine-grained or aphanitic texture, in which the grains are too small to see with the unaided eye. The fine-grained texture indicates the quickly cooling lava did not have time to grow large crystals. These tiny crystals can be viewed under a petrographic microscope (1).
What are the three textures of sedimentary rocks?
Sedimentary texture encompasses three fundamental properties of sedimentary rocks: grain size, grain shape (form, roundness, and surface texture (microrelief) of grains), and fabric (grain packing and orientation).
What are the factors used in describing the textures of sedimentary rocks?
sedimentary rocks Texture refers to the physical makeup of rock—namely, the size, shape, and arrangement (packing and orientation) of the discrete grains or particles of a sedimentary rock. Two main natural textural groupings exist for sedimentary rocks: clastic (or fragmental) and nonclastic (essentially crystalline).
How is the texture of an igneous rock related to the rate at which it cooled?
There are two fundamental properties of igneous rocks that are used to assign a name. Texture — the size of the crystals can be crudely related to the rate of cooling. The higher the rate of cooling the smaller the size of the crystals.
What determines the texture of a sedimentary rock?
The texture of a rock is the size, shape, and arrangement of the grains (for sedimentary rocks) or crystals (for igneous and metamorphic rocks). Also of importance are the rock's extent of homogeneity (i.e., uniformity of composition throughout) and the degree of isotropy.
What causes igneous rocks to develop a fine-grained Aphanitic texture quizlet?
What is required to generate an igneous rock with a fine-grained texture? A fine-grained texture is the product of rapid cooling and crystallization of lava. A phaneritic texture is characteristic of a(n) __________ igneous rock that cooled __________.
What is required to generate an igneous rock with a fine-grained texture?
What is required to generate an igneous rock with a fine-grained texture? A fine-grained texture is the product of rapid cooling and crystallization of lava.