What factors influence the texture of an igneous rock quizlet?
The three factors that influence the textures of igneous rocks are the speed of cooling, the silicate content, and the water content. The speed of cooling affects the texture because the faster the rate of cooling, the smoother the rock will be (finer texture, aphanitic).
What are the factors of igneous rocks?
The type of igneous rocks that form from magma is a function of three factors: the chemical composition of the magma; temperature of solidification; and the rate of cooling which influences the crystallization process. Magma can vary chemically in its composition.
Which of the following factors can affect igneous rocks?
The main factors that can affect the texture of an igneous rock are the location and cooling rate of the hot magma that forms the rock.
What are the texture of igneous rock?
Igneous textures are used by geologists in determining the mode of origin of igneous rocks and are used in rock classification. The six main types of textures are phaneritic, aphanitic, porphyritic, glassy, pyroclastic, and pegmatitic.
What is the biggest influence on igneous rock texture?
The texture of an igneous rock (fine-grained vs coarse-grained) is dependent on the rate of cooling of the melt: slow cooling allows large crystals to form fast cooling yields small crystals.
Why do igneous rocks have different textures quizlet?
What affects the texture of an igneous rock? The texture of an igneous rock is determined by the cooling history of the magma from which it formed. Magmas that cool slowly form large crystals, and those that cool quickly form small crystals. Define phaneritic texture.
What are the differences in the textures of igneous rocks?
Texture is comprised of grains, and there are a few main types of igneous rock grains: Equant grains are those with boundaries of equal lengths; rectangular tablet shapes are known as tabular grains; acicular grains are slender crystals; long fibers are known as fibrous grains, and a grain that is prismatic is one that …
What factors can affect the texture of a sedimentary rock?
Textures of Sedimentary Rocks
- The strength of the wind or water currents that carry and deposit the sediment. …
- The distance transported or time in the transportation process. …
- Biological activity with the sediment prior to diagenesis. …
- The chemical environment under which diagenesis occurs.
Apr 17, 2013
How do you determine igneous rock texture?
The name of the igneous rock depends on what minerals are present. If there are lots of light-colored minerals and the rock is coarse grained, it is granite. If there are mostly dark-colored minerals and the rock is fine grained, it is basalt.
How do you describe igneous textures?
The texture of an igneous rock made up entirely of crystals big enough to be easily seen with the naked eye is phaneritic. Phaneritic texture is sometimes referred to as coarse-grained igneous texture. Granite, the most well known example of an intrusive igneous rock, has a phaneritic texture.
What are the three main igneous rock textures?
Igneous Rock Textures
- COARSE GRAINED TEXTURE (PHANERITIC), mineral grains easily visible (grains several mm in size or larger)
- B) FINE GRAINED TEXTURE (APHANITIC), mineral grains smaller than 1mm (need hand lens or microscope to see minerals)
- C) PORPHYRITIC TEXTURE (MIXED FINE AND COARSE)
What feature of an igneous rock will tell you the texture quizlet?
The texture of an igneous rock is determined by the cooling history of the magma from which it formed. Magmas that cool slowly form large crystals, and those that cool quickly form small crystals.
What causes vesicular texture igneous rock?
Extrusive Igneous Rocks: Quick cooling means that mineral crystals don't have much time to grow, so these rocks have a very fine-grained or even glassy texture. Hot gas bubbles are often trapped in the quenched lava, forming a bubbly, vesicular texture.
How is a igneous rock formed?
Igneous rocks (from the Latin word for fire) form when hot, molten rock crystallizes and solidifies. The melt originates deep within the Earth near active plate boundaries or hot spots, then rises toward the surface.
What is texture in rocks?
In rock: Texture. The texture of a rock is the size, shape, and arrangement of the grains (for sedimentary rocks) or crystals (for igneous and metamorphic rocks). Also of importance are the rock's extent of homogeneity (i.e., uniformity of composition throughout) and the degree of isotropy. The…
What are the factors explaining texture?
Explanation: The term texture is defined as the mutual relationship of different mineralogical constituents in a rock. It is determined by the size, shape and arrangement of these constituents within the body of the rock.
How do you determine the texture of a igneous rock?
Igneous rocks are very dense and hard. They may have a glassy appearance. Metamorphic rocks may also have a glassy appearance. You can distinguish these from igneous rocks based on the fact that metamorphic rocks tend to be brittle, lightweight, and an opaque black color.
What environmental condition affects the texture of igneous rock?
Texture of igneous rocks defines the shape, size and mutual relationship of the constituent minerals. The texture in igneous rocks depends on the following four factors: i) Viscosity of magma ii) Rate of cooling iii) The order of crystallization of the constituent minerals.
What is the texture of an igneous rock formed from magma?
The magma, called lava when molten rock erupts on the surface, cools and solidifies almost instantly when it is exposed to the relatively cool temperature of the atmosphere. Quick cooling means that mineral crystals don't have much time to grow, so these rocks have a very fine-grained or even glassy texture.
What can you tell about an igneous rock that has a fine texture?
Extrusive igneous rocks have a fine-grained or aphanitic texture, in which the grains are too small to see with the unaided eye. The fine-grained texture indicates the quickly cooling lava did not have time to grow large crystals. These tiny crystals can be viewed under a petrographic microscope (1).
What factors influence the texture of sediments?
Textures of Sedimentary Rocks
- The strength of the wind or water currents that carry and deposit the sediment. …
- The distance transported or time in the transportation process. …
- Biological activity with the sediment prior to diagenesis. …
- The chemical environment under which diagenesis occurs.
Apr 17, 2013
What are the three igneous rock textures?
Igneous Rock Textures
- COARSE GRAINED TEXTURE (PHANERITIC), mineral grains easily visible (grains several mm in size or larger)
- B) FINE GRAINED TEXTURE (APHANITIC), mineral grains smaller than 1mm (need hand lens or microscope to see minerals)
- C) PORPHYRITIC TEXTURE (MIXED FINE AND COARSE)
What determines the texture of a rock?
The texture of a rock is the size, shape, and arrangement of the grains (for sedimentary rocks) or crystals (for igneous and metamorphic rocks). Also of importance are the rock's extent of homogeneity (i.e., uniformity of composition throughout) and the degree of isotropy.
Which are the 4 types of texture for igneous rocks?
Igneous Rock Textures
- COARSE GRAINED TEXTURE (PHANERITIC), mineral grains easily visible (grains several mm in size or larger)
- B) FINE GRAINED TEXTURE (APHANITIC), mineral grains smaller than 1mm (need hand lens or microscope to see minerals)
- C) PORPHYRITIC TEXTURE (MIXED FINE AND COARSE)
How are igneous rocks formed?
Igneous rocks (from the Latin word for fire) form when hot, molten rock crystallizes and solidifies. The melt originates deep within the Earth near active plate boundaries or hot spots, then rises toward the surface.