What features distinguish states from chiefdoms?
While chiefdoms are societies in which everyone is ranked relative to the chief, states are socially stratified into largely distinct classes in terms of wealth, power, and prestige.
Which of the following best characterizes ethnic groups?
Which of the following best characterizes "ethnic groups"? A group of people who view themselves as sharing an identity that separates them from others in society.
What might Max Weber suggest is the primary difference?
What might Max Weber suggest is the primary difference between a lawyer in the United States and the self-made billionaire of a U.S.-based manufacturing company? The lawyer has high prestige by virtue of occupation, while the self-made millionaire has only wealth.
What is defined as the ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence?
Power. The ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence. (
What does it mean to live in a ranked society?
Unlike egalitarian societies, ranked societies (sometimes called “rank societies”) involve greater differentiation between individuals and the kin groups to which they belong. These differences can be, and often are, inherited, but there are no significant restrictions in these societies on access to basic resources.
What is the characteristic mode of exchange associated with ranked societies?
The characteristic mode of exchange in chiefdom societies is balanced reciprocity.
What is a band level society?
Among 19th-century anthropologists, geographers, and explorers, the “band-level society” was designated as the initial stage in models of unilineal cultural evolution and was most often used to describe hunting and gathering cultures. The term was used in this evolutionary sense until the mid-20th century.
What is the one defining feature of a minority group?
According to Charles Wagley and Marvin Harris (1958), a minority group is distinguished by five characteristics: (1) unequal treatment and less power over their lives, (2) distinguishing physical or cultural traits like skin color or language, (3) involuntary membership in the group, (4) awareness of subordination, and …
How does Max Weber define social class?
Weber argued that owning property, such as factories or equipment, is only part of what determines a person's social class. Social class for Weber included power and prestige, in addition to property or wealth. People who run corporations without owning them still benefit from increased production and greater profits.
What did Max Weber believe in sociology?
Weber believed that modern societies were obsessed with efficiency – modernizing and getting things done, such that questions of ethics, affection and tradition were brushed to one side – this has the consequence of making people miserable and leading to enormous social problems.
Which of the following is defined as the ability to create consent and agreement within a population?
Hegemony. the ability of a dominant group to create consent and agreement within a population without the use or threat of force.
Which of the following terms defines the process of discovering and describing a particular culture?
Ethnography is the process of discovering and describing a particular culture.
What is a ranking system?
1. rankings A listing of items in a group, such as schools or sports teams, according to a system of rating or a record of performance. 2.
What are the characteristics of social stratification?
Social stratification refers to a society's categorization of its people into groups based on socioeconomic factors like wealth, income, race, education, ethnicity, gender, occupation, social status, or derived power (social and political).
What is the characteristic mode of exchange associated with ranked societies quizlet?
The characteristic mode of exchange in chiefdom societies is balanced reciprocity.
Why is chiefdom important?
Chiefdoms are the first type of society where significant differences of wealth, prestige, and authority exist between groups of people. Usually, the chiefs and immediate supporters are notably better off in terms of material items and food. In terms of social differences, such cultures are often referred to as ranked.
What are the general characteristics of band societies?
Bands are essentially associations of families living together. They are loosely allied by marriage, descent, friendship, and common interest. The primary integrating mechanism for these societies is kinship. Bands are extremely egalitarian–all families are essentially equal.
Which of the following is a defining feature of ethnic groups?
Ethnicity is considered to be shared characteristics such as culture, language, religion, and traditions, which contribute to a person or group's identity.
Which of the following defines minority groups?
a minority group is “any group of people who, because of their physical or cultural characteristics, are singled out from the others in the society in which they live for differential and unequal treatment, and who therefore regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination.” (Sociologist Louis Wirth, 1945).
What did Max Weber believe?
Max Weber is famous for his thesis that the “Protestant ethic” (the supposedly Protestant values of hard work, thrift, efficiency, and orderliness) contributed to the economic success of Protestant groups in the early stages of European capitalism.
How does Marx define class?
Class, for Marx, is defined as a (social) relationship rather than a position or rank in society. In Marx's analysis, the capitalist class could not exist without the proletariat, or vice-versa.
How does Max Weber view society?
Weber believed that modern societies were obsessed with efficiency – modernizing and getting things done, such that questions of ethics, affection and tradition were brushed to one side – this has the consequence of making people miserable and leading to enormous social problems.
What did Max Weber say was the defining trait of modern society?
Max Weber declared modern society to be "disenchanted."
Which of the following is defined as the process of learning culture?
Enculturation is the process whereby individuals learn their group's culture through experience, observation, and instruction.
What is the meaning of informed consent quizlet?
True:informed consent means a decision made by or for a patient after being informed about the proposed procedures, risks, benefits, and alternatives to the proposed treatment.
What are the characteristics of cultural anthropology?
Cultural anthropologists systematically explore topics such as technology and material culture, social organization, economies, political and legal systems, language, ideologies and religions, health and illness, and social change.
Which term refers to a particular circumstance of a certain culture and is defined by location weather time and other factors?
Context. Refers to the particular circumstances of a certain culture and is defined by location, weather, time period and other factors. Considers culture as the central focus of discipline. It studies the different cultures of different societies.
What is ranking in sociology?
Rank societies are characterized by inequality in access to recognized prestige statuses although equality in access to resources may obtain. Ranking is most apparent in the political or power domain. The highest in rank is the chief of the society.
What are the types of ranking method?
There are three main types of ranking: Standard competition ranking, ordinal ranking, and fractional ranking.
Which of the following is the characteristics of stratification?
Stratification is a particular form of social inequality. It refers to the presence of social groups which are ranked one above the other in terms of the power, prestige and wealth their members possess. Those who belong to a particular group or stratum will have some awareness of common interest and common identity.