What happens when a cloud of interstellar gas collapses?
Because energy cannot simply disappear, the "lost" gravitational potential energy must be converted into some other form. Some of it is converted into thermal energy, which raises the temperature of the gas cloud. The rest is mostly converted into radiative energy, which is released into space as light.)
What is a cloud of interstellar gas held together by?
The animation shows a collapsing cloud of interstellar gas, which is held together by the mutual gravitational attraction of all the atoms and molecules that make up the cloud.
What does conservation of momentum say about a collapsing gas cloud?
Conservation of angular momentum, the same law that causes a skater to spin faster as they pull their arms closer to their body, causes the collapsing cloud to spin faster as it gets smaller.
Which of the following examples describes a situation where a car is experiencing a net force quizlet?
You float weightlessly within the elevator car because you and the elevator both begin to accelerate downward at the same rate. Which of the following examples describes a situation where a car is experiencing a net force? The car is making a gradual turn.
What is a collapsing cloud?
Intergalactic space is filled with clouds of gas (mostly H + He) and dust known as molecular clouds. These clouds are supported against gravitational collapse by their thermal pressure, but if the clouds get too big massive, gravity wins and they can start to collapse.
What forces are responsible for the collapse of an interstellar cloud?
The law of universal gravitation says that all matter attracts all other matter, and Newton recognized a major consequence of that law: clouds of gas will tend to fragment and collapse as a result of their own gravity. This is the basic mechanism responsible for the formation of new stars from interstellar gas clouds.
What is the name of an interstellar cloud of gas and dust?
The Short Answer: A nebula is a giant cloud of dust and gas in space. Some nebulae (more than one nebula) come from the gas and dust thrown out by the explosion of a dying star, such as a supernova. Other nebulae are regions where new stars are beginning to form.
What are interstellar clouds made of?
The region between the stars contains interstellar clouds composed primarily of dust and gas. Over 100 molecules (neutrals, ions, and radicals), mostly carbon-containing compounds, have been identified in interstellar molecular clouds.
Why does the gas cloud collapse?
Intergalactic space is filled with clouds of gas (mostly H + He) and dust known as molecular clouds. These clouds are supported against gravitational collapse by their thermal pressure, but if the clouds get too big massive, gravity wins and they can start to collapse. This is the first step towards star formation.
What happens when an interstellar gas cloud shrinks in size?
As the cloud shrinks in size, its gravitational potential energy decreases. Because energy cannot simply disappear, the "lost" gravitational potential energy must be converted into some other form. Some of it is converted into thermal energy, which raises the temperature of the gas cloud.
What is Newton’s 3rd law of motion called?
Newton's third law: the law of action and reaction Newton's third law states that when two bodies interact, they apply forces to one another that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. The third law is also known as the law of action and reaction.
What causes a cloud to collapse?
Gravitational contraction is the process of a cloud's gravity overcoming its internal pressure and causing a collapse.
What are interstellar clouds called?
molecular cloud, also called dark nebula, interstellar clump or cloud that is opaque because of its internal dust grains. The form of such dark clouds is very irregular: they have no clearly defined outer boundaries and sometimes take on convoluted serpentine shapes because of turbulence.
What is another name for interstellar cloud?
Synonyms, crossword answers and other related words for INTERSTELLAR CLOUD OF GAS (nebula)
What are interstellar gasses?
The gas between stars is mostly hydrogen and helium scattered at varying densities between the stars in our galaxy and other galaxies. The proportions of the gases are similar to those in the Sun. Interstellar gas supplies the raw material for star formation.
How is interstellar gas made?
The ionized hydrogen is produced when large amounts of ultraviolet radiation are released by hot newly-formed stars. This radiation ionizes the surrounding clouds of gas. Visible light is emitted when electrons recombine with the ionized hydrogen, which is seen as beautiful red colors of emission nebulae.
Which of the processes can initiate the collapse of an interstellar cloud and trigger the formation of stars?
In triggered star formation, one of several events might occur to compress a molecular cloud and initiate its gravitational collapse. Molecular clouds may collide with each other, or a nearby supernova explosion can be a trigger, sending shocked matter into the cloud at very high speeds.
How do you compare the two interacting forces in terms of magnitude and direction?
The law of action-reaction (Newton's third law) explains the nature of the forces between the two interacting objects. According to the law, the force exerted by object 1 upon object 2 is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted by object 2 upon object 1.
Which of Newton’s laws explains why rockets move up when their thrusters push down on the ground?
Newton's third law explains the generation of thrust by a rocket engine.
What is interstellar cloud of gas and dust?
So, what is an interstellar cloud? It's the generic name given to an accumulation of gas, plasma, and dust in our and other galaxies, left over from galaxy formation. So an interstellar cloud is a denser-than-average region of the interstellar medium.
What is a interstellar cloud made of?
The region between the stars contains interstellar clouds composed primarily of dust and gas. Over 100 molecules (neutrals, ions, and radicals), mostly carbon-containing compounds, have been identified in interstellar molecular clouds.
What is interstellar cloud theory?
An interstellar cloud is generally an accumulation of gas, plasma, and dust in our and other galaxies. Put differently, an interstellar cloud is a denser-than-average region of the interstellar medium (ISM), the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy.
What is a cloud of cold interstellar gas?
An interstellar cloud is generally an accumulation of gas, plasma, and dust in our and other galaxies. Put differently, an interstellar cloud is a denser-than-average region of the interstellar medium (ISM), the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy.
What force causes interstellar gases to collapse?
gravity Heat pressure: When gas is compressed it becomes warmer. Therefore, if interstellar gas, even dense gas, begins to fragment and collapse due to gravity, the heating due to compression will make the fragments tend to resist further collapse. Without a way to get rid of this heat, the pressure will stop the collapse.
Is interstellar space hot or cold?
The average temperature of outer space near Earth is 283.32 kelvins (10.17 degrees Celsius or 50.3 degrees Fahrenheit). In empty, interstellar space, the temperature is just 3 kelvins, not much above absolute zero, which is the coldest anything can ever get.
What condition is necessary in an interstellar gas cloud for it to begin collapsing?
What condition is necessary in an interstellar gas cloud for it to begin collapsing? The inward pull of gravity must be stronger than the outward push of thermal pressure. The buildup of thermal energy in a collapsing gas cloud leads to thermal pressure that can halt the gravitational collapse.
Which law states that forces act with equal magnitude and in opposite directions?
Newton's laws of motion Newton's third law states that when two bodies interact, they apply forces to one another that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
What is the difference between action and reaction in physics?
Key terms. The force exerted on an object is the action, and the force experienced by the object as a consequence of Newton's third law is the reaction.
How does Newton’s third law of motion explain the ability of a rocket to launch from the launch pad?
Newton's Third Law states that "every action has an equal and opposite reaction". In a rocket, burning fuel creates a push on the front of the rocket pushing it forward. This creates an equal and opposite push on the exhaust gas backwards.
How do rockets demonstrate Newton’s third law of motion?
Launching a rocket relies on Newton's Third Law of Motion. A rocket engine produces thrust through action and reaction. The engine produces hot exhaust gases which flow out of the back of the engine. In reaction, a thrusting force is produced in the opposite reaction.