What is a seismograph quizlet?
A seismograph is an instrument that records and measures the details of an earthquake.
What are the two types of waves generated by earthquakes?
The two main types of waves are body waves and surface waves. Body waves can travel through the Earth's inner layers, but surface waves can only move along the surface of the planet like ripples on water. Earthquakes send out seismic energy as both body and surface waves.
How does a seismograph work select all that apply?
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. A seismograph works by suspending a weight from bedrock, which remains motionless during an earthquake. A rotating drum that is affixed to the moving bedrock moves as the rock moves, recording the relative displacement between the stationary weight and the rotating drum.
Which phrase describes the type of deformation experience by rocks before an earthquake?
Which phrase describes the type of deformation experienced by rocks before an earthquake? Elastic deformation causes objects to bend, while rebound causes objects to return to their original shape.
How does a seismograph detect and record seismic waves?
The spring-suspended mass lags behind the motion caused by the earthquake, making the pen record the waves on the drum. This combination of instruments tells a seismologist the general direction of the seismic wave source, the magnitude at its source, and the character of the wave motion.
How does a seismograph record seismic waves quizlet?
How does a seismograph record seismic waves? Seismic waves cause a seismograph's drum to vibrate. But the suspended weight with the pen attached moves very little. Therefore, the pen stays in place and the records the drums vibrations.
What does a seismogram measure?
A seismogram is the recording of the ground shaking at the specific location of the instrument. On a seismogram, the HORIZONTAL axis = time (measured in seconds) and the VERTICAL axis= ground displacement (usually measured in millimeters).
How do the seismic waves cause an earthquake?
Earthquakes are usually caused when underground rock suddenly breaks and there is rapid motion along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake.
What is seismograph How does it operate?
A seismograph is a device for measuring the movement of the earth, and consists of a ground-motion detection sensor, called a seismometer, coupled with a recording system. A simple seismometer that is sensitive to up-down motions of the earth can be understood by visualizing a weight hanging on a spring.
What are the main functions of seismometers?
A seismometer is an instrument that responds to ground noises and shaking such as caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and explosions. They are usually combined with a timing device and a recording device to form a seismograph.
What is the principal type of stress that is applied to crustal rocks at the Mid Ocean Ridge?
What is the principal type of stress is applied to crustal rocks at the mid-ocean ridge? Shear stresses are most common along which type of plate boundary? An amount of strain where the substance has a maximum amount of elastic deformation and switches to ductile deformation.
What is an earthquake Why is it called as seismic activity?
When an earthquake occurs, the violent breaking of rock releases energy that travels through the earth in the form of vibrations called seismic waves. These seismic waves move out from the hypocentre in all directions and when they travel long distance from the hypocentre, they become weaker.
How does a seismograph detect an earthquake?
Seismometers allow us to detect and measure earthquakes by converting vibrations due to seismic waves into electrical signals, which we can then display as seismograms on a computer screen. Seismologists study earthquakes and can use this data to determine where and how big a particular earthquake is.
How can seismographs be used to locate an earthquake?
Earthquakes are recorded by a seismographic network. Each seismic station in the network measures the movement of the ground at that site. The slip of one block of rock over another in an earthquake releases energy that makes the ground vibrate.
How does a seismograph record seismic waves?
The spring-suspended mass lags behind the motion caused by the earthquake, making the pen record the waves on the drum. This combination of instruments tells a seismologist the general direction of the seismic wave source, the magnitude at its source, and the character of the wave motion.
How does a seismograph measure an earthquake?
Seismometers allow us to detect and measure earthquakes by converting vibrations due to seismic waves into electrical signals, which we can then display as seismograms on a computer screen. Seismologists study earthquakes and can use this data to determine where and how big a particular earthquake is.
What is seismogram and uses?
A seismogram is a graph output by a seismograph. It is a record of the ground motion at a measuring station as a function of time. Seismograms typically record motions in three cartesian axes (x, y, and z), with the z axis perpendicular to the Earth's surface and the x- and y- axes parallel to the surface.
What is the importance of seismogram?
A modern seismograph can help scientists detect earthquakes and measure several aspects of the event: The time at which the earthquake occurred. The epicenter, which is the location on the surface of the earth below which the earthquake occurred.
Why can seismic waves be used to determine structures and materials within the Earth?
Answer 1: Seismic waves, the waves of energy that travel through the Earth as a result of an earthquake can tell us a lot about the internal structure of the Earth because these waves travel at different speeds in different materials. There are two types of waves that travel through the Earth: p-waves and s-waves.
What can a seismogram tell us about an earthquake?
By studying the seismogram, the seismologist can tell how far away the earthquake was and how strong it was. This record doesn't tell the seismologist exactly where the epicenter was, just that the earthquake happened so many miles or kilometers away from that seismograph.
How does a seismograph work explain with diagram?
A paper is placed under the pen. When an earthquake strikes, the rod starts vibrating. The pen also starts vibrating and paper starts moving under the pen recording the movement of the pen. Scientists further study the seismic waves recorded by pen and make estimates about the intensity of the earthquake.
How do seismometers detect earthquakes?
Seismometers allow us to detect and measure earthquakes by converting vibrations due to seismic waves into electrical signals, which we can then display as seismograms on a computer screen. Seismologists study earthquakes and can use this data to determine where and how big a particular earthquake is.
What type of stress is applied to crustal rocks at subduction zone?
9.1 Stress and Strain
| Type of Stress | Associated Plate Boundary type (see Ch. 2) | Resulting Strain |
|---|---|---|
| Tensional | divergent | Stretching and thinning |
| Compressional | convergent | Shortening and thickening |
| Shear | transform | Tearing |
What kind of stress on the rocks happen when plates are pushed towards each other?
Tensional stress happens when rocks are pulled away from each other; compressional stress, on the other hand, happens when rocks are pushed towards each other. Shear stress, however, happens when rocks slide across each other in opposite direction; the sliding rocks in this case do not hit each other.
How does seismic activity occur?
Earthquakes are usually caused when underground rock suddenly breaks and there is rapid motion along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake.
What is the definition of seismic waves in science?
A seismic wave is an elastic wave generated by an impulse such as an earthquake or an explosion. Seismic waves may travel either along or near the earth's surface (Rayleigh and Love waves) or through the earth's interior (P and S waves).
What do seismographs measure?
A seismograph, or seismometer, is an instrument used to detect and record earthquakes. Generally, it consists of a mass attached to a fixed base. During an earthquake, the base moves and the mass does not. The motion of the base with respect to the mass is commonly transformed into an electrical voltage.
What is seismogram used for?
Seismograms are used to determine the location and magnitude of earthquakes. An earthquake's magnitude may be considered to vary as a function of the amount of energy released at the rupture point.
What does seismograph record?
seismic waves seismograph, instrument that makes a record of seismic waves caused by an earthquake, explosion, or other Earth-shaking phenomenon.
What are the components of a seismogram?
Following an earthquake: the ground responds to P, S, and surface waves by moving in all directions. the motion can't be captured by a single seismometer in one direction. three signals are received by the three components to reflect N-S, E-W, and up-down motion.