What is the role of dust in the condensation theory?
They act as condensation nuclei—microscopic platforms to which other atoms can attach, forming larger and larger balls of matter. This is similar to the way that raindrops form in Earth's atmosphere; dust and soot in the air act as condensation nuclei around which water molecules cluster.
Why was interstellar dust so important to the formation of our solar system?
Formation. Our solar system formed about 4.5 billion years ago from a dense cloud of interstellar gas and dust. The cloud collapsed, possibly due to the shockwave of a nearby exploding star, called a supernova. When this dust cloud collapsed, it formed a solar nebula – a spinning, swirling disk of material.
What is the condensation theory?
The Condensation Theory: This theory proposes that the Moon and the Earth condensed individually from the nebula that formed the solar system, with the Moon formed in orbit around the Earth. However, if the Moon formed in the vicinity of the Earth it should have nearly the same composition.
What is the nebular condensation theory?
Nebular-Condensation theory. Our solar system formed about 4.6 billion years ago. Nebular Theory: Our solar system evolved from a contracting nebula. Under the influence of its own gravity, the nebula contracts.
What was the primary role of the dust grains in the solar nebula cloud?
Dust helps to cool warm matter by radiating heat away in the form of infrared radiation. When cloud cools its molecules move around more slowly, reducing internal pressure and allowing the nebula to collapse more easily. The dust grains speed up the process of collecting enough atoms to form a planet.
What causes the gas and dust cloud to condense and become a star?
As the gases collect, they lose potential energy, which results in an increase in temperature. As the collapse continues, the temperature increases. The collapsing cloud separates into many smaller clouds, each of which may eventually become a star.
Why is cosmic dust important?
Dust is important because we find lots of it around young stars. In fact it helps them to form, and it is also the raw material from which planets like the Earth are formed. The diagram below illustrates the cosmic dust cycle. Dust is formed in stars and is then blown off in a slow wind or a massive star explosion.
How did material condense in the inner parts of the solar nebula?
As the disk radiated away its internal heat in the form of infrared radiation (Wien's law) the temperature dropped and the heaviest molecules began to form tiny solid or liquid droplets, a process called condensation.
What is the theory hypothesis that suggests that a cloud of gas and dust about 10 million km in diameter rotated slowly?
Nebular hypothesis The nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well as other planetary systems).
Why is cosmic dust crucial to the formation of molecular clouds?
In addition to the fact that stars form out of interstellar dust and gas clouds, dust plays an important role in the process of star formation in molecular clouds: (1) IR emission from dust removes the gravitational energy of collapsing clouds, allowing star formation to take place; (2) dust grains provide shielding of …
What was the primary role of dust in the formation of the Solar System Group of answer choices?
What was the primary role of dust in the formation of the solar system? The first stage of planet formation began when dust grains in the solar nebula formed condensation nuclei around which matter began to accumulate. This first step hastened the critical process of forming the first small clumps of matter.
What happened to the dust and gas that did not contribute to forming the Sun?
Much of the remaining material formed the planets and other objects that now orbit the Sun. (The rest of the leftover gas and dust was blown away by the young Sun's early solar wind.)
What causes the gas and dust cloud to condense and become a star quizlet?
Stars form in nebula, or cold dark clouds of dust and gas, like this one. As one of these clouds collapses under its own gravity, it breaks into small pieces. Each of the pieces releases huge amounts of heat energy. Over time, the pieces collapse together to form a rotating sphere of gas.
What is the purpose of dust?
Thus, in general, dust acts to warm the upper atmosphere and cool the surface over dark surfaces (e.g. ocean, forests). The converse is true over surfaces with high albedo, such as ice sheets, fresh snow and deserts.
What is the dust in a nebula?
The roots of the word come from Latin nebula, which means a “mist, vapor, fog, smoke, exhalation.” Nebulae are made up of dust, basic elements such as hydrogen and other ionized gases. They either form through clouds of cold interstellar gas and dust or through the aftermath of a supernova.
What pushed gas and dust particles out of the solar nebula?
The pressure of sunlight was one of the forces that cleared the solar nebula. ____ are located beyond the asteroid belt (3 AU) from the sun, have extremely large masses and very low densities. The condensation sequence cannot explain the composition of the terrestrial and Jovian planets.
Which theory suggests that the moon and the Earth formed at the same time from dust from the solar nebula that formed the Sun?
The prevailing theory supported by the scientific community, the giant impact hypothesis suggests that the moon formed when an object smashed into early Earth. Like the other planets, Earth formed from the leftover cloud of dust and gas orbiting the young sun.
What is the term used for the great cloud of gas and dust in space?
A nebula is an enormous cloud of dust and gas occupying the space between stars and acting as a nursery for new stars. The roots of the word come from Latin nebula, which means a “mist, vapor, fog, smoke, exhalation.” Nebulae are made up of dust, basic elements such as hydrogen and other ionized gases.
Is there dust in clouds?
Clouds are created when water vapor, an invisible gas, turns into liquid water droplets. These water droplets form on tiny particles, like dust, that are floating in the air.
What is the primary role of the dust grains in the solar nebula cloud?
Dust helps to cool warm matter by radiating heat away in the form of infrared radiation. When cloud cools its molecules move around more slowly, reducing internal pressure and allowing the nebula to collapse more easily. The dust grains speed up the process of collecting enough atoms to form a planet.
How does the dust cloud becomes a planet?
As the disk got thinner and thinner, particles began to stick together and form clumps. Some clumps got bigger, as particles and small clumps stuck to them, eventually forming planets or moons . Near the center of the cloud, where planets like Earth formed, only rocky material could stand the great heat.
What causes the gas and dust cloud to condense?
According to the nebula hypothesis, the Solar System began as a nebula, an area in the Milky Way Galaxy that was a swirling concentration of cold gas and dust. Due to some perturbation, possibly from a nearby supernova, this cloud of gas and dust began to condense, or pull together under the force of its own gravity.
Where did the gas and dust that formed the solar nebula come from?
The Sun and the planets formed together, 4.6 billion years ago, from a cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula. A shock wave from a nearby supernova explosion probably initiated the collapse of the solar nebula.
What causes the gas and dust cloud to condense and become a star answer?
Stars form from an accumulation of gas and dust, which collapses due to gravity and starts to form stars. The process of star formation takes around a million years from the time the initial gas cloud starts to collapse until the star is created and shines like the Sun.
What causes the gas and dust cloud to condense and become a star earth science?
As the gases collect, they lose potential energy, which results in an increase in temperature. As the collapse continues, the temperature increases. The collapsing cloud separates into many smaller clouds, each of which may eventually become a star.
What will happen if there is no dust?
Hence, if there were no dust in the air, escaping steam would remain invisible; there would be no clouds in the sky; and the vapor in the atmosphere, constantly accumulating through evaporation from seas and oceans and from the earth's surface, would have to find some other means of returning to its source.
How does dust affect atmosphere?
Coarse dust particles warm the Earth's entire climate system by absorbing both incoming radiation from the sun and outgoing radiation from the Earth's surface. These particles can impact stability and circulation within our atmosphere, which may affect atmospheric phenomena like hurricanes.
Where does the dust in nebulae come from?
A nebula is a giant cloud of dust and gas in space. Some nebulae (more than one nebula) come from the gas and dust thrown out by the explosion of a dying star, such as a supernova.
How can stars form from dust and gases?
Star Formation Stars are born within the clouds of dust and scattered throughout most galaxies. A familiar example of such as a dust cloud is the Orion Nebula. Turbulence deep within these clouds gives rise to knots with sufficient mass that the gas and dust can begin to collapse under its own gravitational attraction.
Which theory says that the Moon formed from dust produced by a collision between Earth and another large body?
The prevailing theory supported by the scientific community, the giant impact hypothesis suggests that the moon formed when an object smashed into early Earth. Like the other planets, Earth formed from the leftover cloud of dust and gas orbiting the young sun.