What is the study of how genes determine our nutritional requirements?
Terms in this set (10) Select one: a. nutrigenomics.
What is the study of nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics?
Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics are defined as the science of the effect of genetic variation on dietary response and the role of nutrients and bioactive food compounds in gene expression, respectively (1,2,3,4,5,6).
What is the study of the effect of genes on nutritional health?
Nutrigenetics is the science that identifies and characterizes gene variants associated with differential response to nutrients and relating this variation to variable disease states especially cancer.
Which term refers to the study of how nutrients influence the activities of genes?
Nutrigenomics aims to identify the effects of several nutrients, including macronutrients and micronutrients on the genome (13) and explores the interaction between genes and nutrients or food bioactives and their effects on human health (33).
What is the study of nutrition and genetics?
Nutritional genomics (nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics) There is an interacting two-way relationship between nutrition and the human genome. It defines and marks the gene expression and metabolic response. Then, it may affect the individual's health condition and susceptibility to disease (14).
What is the study of nutrition?
Nutritional Sciences is the study of food, nutrients, and other food substances, the intake and biochemical processing of food substances, their relationship to health and disease, and the application of this information to policy and programs.
What is transcriptomic study?
Transcriptomics is the study of the transcriptome—the complete set of RNA transcripts that are produced by the genome, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell—using high-throughput methods, such as microarray analysis.
What does nutritional genomics study?
Nutritional genomics is “the study of how diet may affect the expression of genetic information in an individual, and how an individual's genetic makeup affects the metabolism and response to nutrients and other bioactive components in food” (18).
What is meant by epigenetics?
Epigenetics is the study of how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work. Unlike genetic changes, epigenetic changes are reversible and do not change your DNA sequence, but they can change how your body reads a DNA sequence.
What is nutrition science called?
Biomedical & Nutritional Sciences Nutritional Sciences is the study of food, nutrients, and other food substances, the intake and biochemical processing of food substances, their relationship to health and disease, and the application of this information to policy and programs. Its application is far reaching.
What is the study of nutrition quizlet?
The study of nutrients and how the body uses them. Nutrients. Substances in food that your body needs to function throughout the day.
What is the study of proteomics?
Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteomes. A proteome is a set of proteins produced in an organism, system, or biological context. We may refer to, for instance, the proteome of a species (for example, Homo sapiens) or an organ (for example, the liver).
What is Translatome analysis?
Translatomics is the study of all open reading frames (ORFs) that are being actively translated in a cell or organism. This collection of ORFs is called the translatome. Characterizing a cell's translatome can give insight into the array of biological pathways that are active in the cell.
What is nutrition genetic testing?
Nutritional genomics, also known as genetic nutrition testing, is the study of how nutrients and genes interact. For example, it looks at how the foods we eat can change our gene expression (how our genes work) and how our genes can determine our nutritional needs.
What is the study of epigenetics?
Epigenetics is the study of how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work. Unlike genetic changes, epigenetic changes are reversible and do not change your DNA sequence, but they can change how your body reads a DNA sequence.
What is polygenic in science?
A polygenic trait is a characteristic, such as height or skin color, that is influenced by two or more genes. Because multiple genes are involved, polygenic traits do not follow the patterns of Mendelian inheritance. Many polygenic traits are also influenced by the environment and are called multifactorial.
What does the study of the science of nutrition deals with?
Application of Systems Biology to Nutritional Science Nutritional science deals with the organism's responses to the diet. It includes studies not only on the nutrients themselves but also on molecular interactions, metabolic and signaling pathways, physiology, pathology, and toxicology.
Why is it important to study nutrition quizlet?
Nutrition is the science that studies food and how food affects our bodies and our health. Nutrition is an important component of wellness. A healthful diet prevents nutrient-deficiency diseases, and reduces the risk for diseases like type 2 diabetes in which nutrition plays some role.
What is genomics and proteomics?
Genomics is the study of the entire set of genes or the genome of a cell or organisms. Proteomics is the study of proteins that are expressed by functional genes. It is the study of genome structure and expression. It is the study of proteins structure, expression and activity. Every cell contains the same set of genes …
What is the study of bioinformatics?
Bioinformatics is defined as the application of tools of computation and analysis to the capture and interpretation of biological data. It is an interdisciplinary field, which harnesses computer science, mathematics, physics, and biology (fig
What is the difference between transcriptome and proteome analysis?
The main difference between proteomics and transcriptomics is that the proteomics is the study of the entire set of proteins produced by a particular organism whereas the transcriptomics is the study of the entire set of mRNA synthesized by a particular organism.
Does genetic testing for nutrition work?
No test can tell you if you eat fewer carbohydrates, you'll lose weight, or if you do a certain type of exercise you'll flatten your belly. Human genetics just are not that simple. Nonetheless, some genetic testing companies tell consumers that they can tailor a diet, supplements and other advice to their genes.
What is the goal of nutritional genomics?
The primary goals of nutritional genomics research are: 1) to establish dietary recommendations that have a high predictive value with respect to disease prevention, minimize the risk of unintended consequences, and account for the modifying effects of human genetic variation; and 2) to design effective dietary …
What are molecular genetic studies?
In genetics: Molecular genetics. Molecular genetics is the study of the molecular structure of DNA, its cellular activities (including its replication), and its influence in determining the overall makeup of an organism.
What pleiotropy means?
Pleiotropy means that a single gene affects two or more characters. In the context of life history evolution, pleiotropy means that a single gene affects the fitness of the organism at two or more ages. It is convenient to categorize the combinations of age-specific pleiotropic effects as shown in Table 1.
What is scientific study of food?
Food Science is a multi-disciplinary field involving chemistry, biochemistry, nutrition, microbiology and engineering to give one the scientific knowledge to solve real problems associated with the many facets of the food system.
What does the scientific study of nutrition include quizlet?
What does the study of Nutrition include? The science that studies how food nourishes our bodies and influences our health. It includes studying the prevention of diseases, food research, and how food affects the body.
Why is it important to understand the nutritional content of food?
It shows you some key nutrients that impact your health. You can use the label to support your personal dietary needs – look for foods that contain more of the nutrients you want to get more of and less of the nutrients you may want to limit. Nutrients to get less of: Saturated Fat, Sodium, and Added Sugars.
What is meant by proteomics?
Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteomes. A proteome is a set of proteins produced in an organism, system, or biological context. We may refer to, for instance, the proteome of a species (for example, Homo sapiens) or an organ (for example, the liver).
What is gene in bioinformatics?
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins. However, many genes do not code for proteins. In humans, genes vary in size from a few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases.