What is the term for a well where water freely flows to the surface?
artesian well, well from which water flows under natural pressure without pumping.
Where is groundwater closest to Earth’s surface?
Groundwater is all the water that has penetrated the earth's surface and is found in one of two soil layers. The one nearest the surface is the "zone of aeration", where gaps between soil are filled with both air and water. Below this layer is the "zone of saturation", where the gaps are filled with water.
What does the term groundwater mining refer to?
The term "groundwater mining" refers to. the removal of groundwater at a rate faster than that at which it can be replaced. The term "cone of depression" refers to. a depression in the water table formed by rapid groundwater withdrawal.
What is groundwater and where does it reside on the earth quizlet?
Water that soaks into soil and rock at the surface, moves through fractures and pores to some depth below the surface, and resides there for periods of up to thousands of years. Ground water may reside in alluvium (loose sediment) or rocks which have porosity (e.g., clastic sedimentary rocks).
What’s the meaning of artesian?
Definition of artesian : involving, relating to, or supplied by the upward movement of water under hydrostatic pressure in rocks or unconsolidated material beneath the earth's surface artesian spring artesian water artesian pressure —distinguished from subartesian.
What is confined groundwater?
A confined aquifer is an aquifer below the land surface that is saturated with water. Layers of impermeable material are both above and below the aquifer, causing it to be under pressure so that when the aquifer is penetrated by a well, the water will rise above the top of the aquifer.
Where is groundwater located?
Groundwater is found in two zones. The unsaturated zone, immediately below the land surface, contains water and air in the open spaces, or pores. The saturated zone, a zone in which all the pores and rock fractures are filled with water, underlies the unsaturated zone.
What is groundwater flow in geography?
In hydrogeology, groundwater flow is defined as the "part of streamflow that has infiltrated the ground, entered the phreatic zone, and has been (or is at a particular time) discharged into a stream channel or springs; and seepage water." It is governed by the groundwater flow equation.
Is an aquifer?
An aquifer is a body of rock and/or sediment that holds groundwater. Groundwater is the word used to describe precipitation that has infiltrated the soil beyond the surface and collected in empty spaces underground. There are two general types of aquifers: confined and unconfined.
What is groundwater mining quizlet?
Groundwater mining. Exists when the amount of water withdrawn from an aquifer exceeds the aquifers sustained yield = an overdraft.
Where is groundwater located quizlet?
Where can GROUNDWATER be found? It is found underground in the pore spaces between grains in sediments and rocks or in fractures and cavities in rocks.
What is groundwater and where does it come from quizlet?
Groundwater is the water stored in the pore spaces of rocks and soils underground. It is a part of the water cycle and is naturally refilled by precipitation and runoff that infiltrate the soil. It can then be pumped to your house by a well and through pipes.
What does the word reservoir mean in science?
A reservoir is an artificial lake where water is stored. Most reservoirs are formed by constructing dams across rivers. A reservoir can also be formed from a natural lake whose outlet has been dammed to control the water level. The dam controls the amount of water that flows out of the reservoir.
What does natural artesian water mean?
Artesian water is a specific type of free-flowing, spring water that comes from underground wells. Unlike traditional wells which require a pump, water in artesian wells moves to the surface naturally due to pressure.
What is groundwater flow in confined aquifer?
Groundwater in a confined aquifer is under pressure and will rise up inside a borehole drilled into the aquifer. The level to which the water rises is called the potentiometric surface. An artesian flow is where water flows out of the borehole under natural pressure.
What is underground water called?
Groundwater is water that exists underground in saturated zones beneath the land surface. The upper surface of the saturated zone is called the water table. Contrary to popular belief, groundwater does not form underground rivers.
What are underground rivers called?
A subterranean river is a river that runs wholly or partly beneath the ground surface – one where the riverbed does not represent the surface of the Earth. It is distinct from an aquifer, which may flow like a river but is contained within a permeable layer of rock or other unconsolidated materials.
What is groundwater movement called?
Groundwater Recharge Rainfall and snowmelt can runoff into streams or soak into the ground. The process of water soaking into the ground to become groundwater is known as groundwater recharge.
What is underground water flow called?
Groundwater Basics Water evaporates from the oceans, condenses into clouds and then falls on the land surface as rain, only to flow into rivers and back into the sea. However, there is one aspect of the water cycle that is often forgotten – groundwater.
What is a natural aquifer?
An aquifer is a body of porous rock or sediment saturated with groundwater. Groundwater enters an aquifer as precipitation seeps through the soil. It can move through the aquifer and resurface through springs and wells.
Does groundwater infiltration occur in discharge areas?
The infiltrating water comes from atmospheric precipitation, slope discharge, irrigation and, in some cases, river runoff. Infiltration recharge of groundwater usually occurs through the aeration zone under conditions of incomplete saturation of the pore space and below maximum molecular moisture of rocks.
How is infiltration related to groundwater quizlet?
Infiltration is defined as the movement of water through the soil surface into the soil profile. he means by which soil water is replenished and water is made available to sustain vegetation, provide subsurface runoff, and recharge groundwater.
Where is groundwater found?
Groundwater is found in two zones. The unsaturated zone, immediately below the land surface, contains water and air in the open spaces, or pores. The saturated zone, a zone in which all the pores and rock fractures are filled with water, underlies the unsaturated zone.
Where does most groundwater come from?
Most groundwater comes from precipitation. Precipitation infiltrates below the ground surface into the soil zone. When the soil zone becomes saturated, water percolates downward. A zone of saturation occurs where all the interstices are filled with water.
What is underground reservoir?
Artificial underground reservoirs (sometimes named groundwater reservoir/underground reservoirs) are a water storage, supply, and regulation system that makes use of a natural aquifer as a water storage space.
What is water reservoir meaning?
A reservoir is an artificial lake where water is stored. Most reservoirs are formed by constructing dams across rivers. A reservoir can also be formed from a natural lake whose outlet has been dammed to control the water level. The dam controls the amount of water that flows out of the reservoir.
What is meant by the term artesian?
Definition of artesian : involving, relating to, or supplied by the upward movement of water under hydrostatic pressure in rocks or unconsolidated material beneath the earth's surface artesian spring artesian water artesian pressure —distinguished from subartesian.
Which is the saturated zone?
The saturated zone, a zone in which all the pores and rock fractures are filled with water, underlies the unsaturated zone. The top of the saturated zone is called the water table (Diagram 1). The water table may be just below or hundreds of feet below the land surface.
What is groundwater flow in the water cycle?
The groundwater slowly moves through the spaces and cracks between the soil particles on its journey to lower elevations. This movement of water underground is called groundwater flow.
What is the water surface called?
There are three types of surface water: perennial, ephemeral, and man-made. Perennial, or permanent, surface water persists throughout the year and is replenished with groundwater when there is little precipitation. Ephemeral, or semi-permanent, surface water exists for only part of the year.