What occurs when constructive activities?
The Human Body: An Orientation 2
| A | B |
|---|---|
| growth | occurs when constructive processes occur at a faster rate than destructive processes |
| excretion | elimination of carbon dioxide by the lungs and of nitrogenous waste by the kidneys |
| responsiveness | ability to react to stimuli |
What survival need provides the basis for body fluids of all types?
1. Water. Water is more than just a thirst-quencher. Almost every system in the body is dependent on water in some shape or form.
What keeps the body’s internal environment stable?
Summary. Homeostasis is the ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment despite a changing external environment. Homeostasis is maintained primarily through negative feedback, when a response to a stimulus keeps a variable close to a set value.
What carbohydrates proteins fats and minerals?
nutrients 1 Macronutrients. 'Macro' means large; as their name suggests these are nutrients which people need to eat regularly and in a fairly large amount. They include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, fibre and water. These substances are needed for the supply of energy and growth, for metabolism and other body functions.
Is the study of how the body and its parts work or function?
Physiology is the study of how the human body works. It describes the chemistry and physics behind basic body functions, from how molecules behave in cells to how systems of organs work together.
What are the resources the human body needs to survive?
Human beings have certain basic needs. We must have food, water, air, and shelter to survive. If any one of these basic needs is not met, then humans cannot survive.
What are the 3 fluid compartments of the body?
There are three major fluid compartments; intravascular, interstitial, and intracellular.
What is the internal environment of a cell called?
Homeostasis Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment. Homeostasis is a term coined to describe the physical and chemical parameters that an organism must maintain to allow proper functioning of its component cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
Which organ and organ system helps to maintain homeostasis?
The endocrine and central nervous systems are the major control systems for regulating homeostasis (Tortora and Anagnostakos, 2003) (Fig 2).
What are carbohydrates and vitamins?
Carbohydrates, protein and fat are macronutrients in foods that provide energy and have additional functions in your system. Both vitamins and minerals, known as micronutrients, are essential for everyday biological processes. Macronutrients and micronutrients are dependent on one another in order to function.
What is carbohydrate function?
Carbohydrates, also known as carbs, are vital at every stage of life. They're the body's primary source of energy and the brain's preferred energy source. Carbs are broken down by the body into glucose – a type of sugar. Glucose is used as fuel by your body's cells, tissues, and organs.
What are the tissues?
Tissue is a group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit. A nonliving material, called the intercellular matrix, fills the spaces between the cells.
What’s skeletal system?
The skeletal system is your body's central framework. It consists of bones and connective tissue, including cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. It's also called the musculoskeletal system.
What are the basic needs of all cells in the body?
Cells require food and oxygen to survive. It is also important to have the waste taken away from the cell. If the needs and conditions are not met, the cells in our body would not be able to fulfill their role or function.
How do different cells in your body help you survive?
For instance, red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. White blood cells kill germ invaders. Intestinal cells release molecules that help digest food. Nerve cells send chemical and electrical messages that produce thoughts and movement.
What is cell fluid called?
The fluid inside the cell is called intracellular fluid (ICF). All the fluid outside of the cell is called extracellular fluid (ECF) and is separated from the intracellular fluid by a semipermeable membrane that surrounds the cell.
What is the plasma compartment?
The two intracellular compartments, the blood plasma and interstitial fluid are separated by the capillary walls. The two extracellular compartments are the red blood cells and the interstitial cells. Only the plasma compartment is directly influenced by external factors and therefore is connected to the dialyser.
What are lysosomes?
Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers—proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.
What is an organelle?
Organelles are specialized structures that perform various jobs inside cells. The term literally means “little organs.” In the same way organs, such as the heart, liver, stomach, and kidneys, serve specific functions to keep an organism alive, organelles serve specific functions to keep a cell alive.
What maintains homeostasis in a cell?
Cell membranes enable organisms to maintain homeostasis by regulating the materials that may enter or leave a cell. Some materials easily cross the cell membrane without the input of energy; other materials require energy input in order to cross through the cell membrane.
What are the cells found in human body?
Types of cells in the human body
| Stem cells | Embryonic stem cells Adult stem cells |
|---|---|
| Red blood cells | Erythrocytes |
| White blood cells | Granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils) Agranulocytes (monocytes, lymphocytes) |
| Platelets | Fragments of megakaryocytes |
| Nerve cells | Neurons Neuroglial cells |
Are vitamins proteins?
Proteins belong to a class of nutrients called macronutrients, while vitamins and minerals are classified as micronutrients.
What do lipids do?
The main biological functions of lipids include storing energy, as lipids may be broken down to yield large amounts of energy. Lipids also form the structural components of cell membranes, and form various messengers and signaling molecules within the body.
What is the role of protein?
Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.
What do lipids do for the body?
Within the body, lipids function as an energy reserve, regulate hormones, transmit nerve impulses, cushion vital organs, and transport fat-soluble nutrients. Fat in food serves as an energy source with high caloric density, adds texture and taste, and contributes to satiety.
What makes a cell a cell?
In biology, the smallest unit that can live on its own and that makes up all living organisms and the tissues of the body. A cell has three main parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and the cytoplasm. The cell membrane surrounds the cell and controls the substances that go into and out of the cell.
What are cells made of?
Cells are composed of water, inorganic ions, and carbon-containing (organic) molecules. Water is the most abundant molecule in cells, accounting for 70% or more of total cell mass. Consequently, the interactions between water and the other constituents of cells are of central importance in biological chemistry.
What is the marrow?
Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside of the bones in your body. Bone marrow contains cells that produce blood cells and platelets and it is responsible for making billions of new blood cells each day.
What are joints?
A joint is the part of the body where two or more bones meet to allow movement. Every bone in the body – except for the hyoid bone in the throat – meets up with at least one other bone at a joint. The shape of a joint depends on its function. A joint is also known as an articulation.
What makes up a cell?
A cell has three main parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and the cytoplasm. The cell membrane surrounds the cell and controls the substances that go into and out of the cell. The nucleus is a structure inside the cell that contains the nucleolus and most of the cell's DNA. It is also where most RNA is made.