What supply is the Calvin cycle directly dependent upon?
In the Calvin cycle, carbon atoms from CO2start text, C, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript are fixed (incorporated into organic molecules) and used to build three-carbon sugars. This process is fueled by, and dependent on, ATP and NADPH from the light reactions.
What supply is the Calvin cycle directly dependent upon quizlet?
The Calvin cycle depends on products of the light reactions. The ATP and NADPH produced during the light reactions are necessary to provide energy and high-energy electrons for the Calvin cycle. Current evidence indicates that the process of photosynthesis arose more than three billion years ago.
What is required for the Calvin cycle?
Some Calvin cycle reactions require ATP (adenosine triphosphate), a compound that functions in energy transfer, and NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), a source of hydrogen atoms for reduction reactions. ATP and NADPH are formed during light-energized reactions of photosynthesis.
What does photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with?
The Calvin cycle is the term used for the reactions of photosynthesis that use the energy stored by the light-dependent reactions to form glucose and other carbohydrate molecules.
Is the Calvin cycle light dependent?
Although the Calvin Cycle is not directly dependent on light, it is indirectly dependent on light since the necessary energy carriers ( ATP and NADPH) are products of light-dependent reactions.
Does Calvin cycle require oxygen?
The Calvin Cycle converts three water and three carbon dioxide molecules into one molecule of glyceraldehyde. The six left over oxygen atoms are released into the atmosphere where they are available for use in respiration.
Why does Calvin cycle depend on light reactions?
The Calvin cycle refers to the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis that take place in three key steps. Although the Calvin Cycle is not directly dependent on light, it is indirectly dependent on light since the necessary energy carriers (ATP and NADPH) are products of light-dependent reactions.
What does Calvin cycle require quizlet?
each turn of the Calvin cycle, there are chemical inputs and outputs. The inputs are carbon dioxide from the air and the ATP and NADPH produced by the light reactions. cycle uses carbon from the carbon dioxide, energy from the ATP, and high-energy electrons and hydrogen ions from the NADPH.
Does the Calvin cycle need carbon dioxide?
The Calvin cycle uses these compounds to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds that can be used by the organism (and by animals that feed on it). This set of reactions is also called carbon fixation.
Does the Calvin cycle require carbon dioxide?
In plants, carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the chloroplast through the stomata and diffuses into the stroma of the chloroplast—the site of the Calvin cycle reactions where sugar is synthesized. The reactions are named after the scientist who discovered them, and reference the fact that the reactions function as a cycle.
What do the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis supply to the Calvin cycle?
The ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions are used to make sugars in the next stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle. In another form of the light reactions, called cyclic photophosphorylation, electrons follow a different, circular path and only ATP (no NADPH) is produced.
Which molecules provide energy required to power the Calvin cycle?
The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma and uses the ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to fix carbon dioxide, producing three-carbon sugars—glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, or G3P, molecules.
What are reactants of the Calvin cycle?
The reactants of the Calvin cycle are CO2 from the air and NADPH and ATP from the light reactions. Light reactions produce NADPH and ATP which is why the Calvin cycle is so dependent on the light reactions.
What are needed for the light-dependent reactions to occur?
The light-dependent reactions use light energy to make two molecules needed for the next stage of photosynthesis: the energy storage molecule ATP and the reduced electron carrier NADPH. In plants, the light reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of organelles called chloroplasts.
Does the Calvin cycle consume ATP?
The Calvin cycle is not totally independent of light since it relies on ATP and NADH, which are products of the light-dependent reactions. The light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle can be organized into three basic stages: fixation, reduction, and regeneration.
What molecules carry the chemical energy necessary for the Calvin cycle?
Light-dependent reactions harness energy from the sun to produce ATP and NADPH. These energy-carrying molecules travel into the stroma where the Calvin cycle reactions take place.
What is the light dependent stage in the Calvin cycle?
The light-dependent reactions use light energy to make two molecules needed for the next stage of photosynthesis: the energy storage molecule ATP and the reduced electron carrier NADPH. In plants, the light reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of organelles called chloroplasts.
What provides the energy for the Calvin cycle?
–The ATP provides the energy, and the NADPH supplies the electrons for the Calvin cycle, which converts carbon dioxide to sugar. The ADP and NADP+ that result from the Calvin cycle shuttle back to the light reactions, which regenerate ATP and NADPH.
Which of the following is supplied to the Calvin cycle by the light reactions of photosynthesis quizlet?
The light reactions produce ATP and NADPH, both of which are used in the Calvin cycle. The light reactions produce ADP and NADP+, both of which are used in the Calvin cycle.
What does the Calvin cycle require from light reactions in order to operate?
The Calvin cycle is not totally independent of light since it relies on ATP and NADH, which are products of the light-dependent reactions. The light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle can be organized into three basic stages: fixation, reduction, and regeneration.
Which of the following are products from light-dependent reaction are utilized in the Calvin cycle?
The ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions are used to make sugars in the next stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle.
Why is the Calvin cycle dependent on the light-dependent reaction?
The overall purpose of the light-dependent reactions is to convert light energy into chemical energy. This chemical energy will be used by the Calvin cycle to fuel the assembly of sugar molecules.
Which molecule must enter the Calvin cycle continually?
RuBP The Calvin cycle has three stages. In stage 1, the enzyme RuBisCO incorporates carbon dioxide into an organic molecule, 3-PGA. In stage 2, the organic molecule is reduced using electrons supplied by NADPH. In stage 3, RuBP, the molecule that starts the cycle, is regenerated so that the cycle can continue.
Do the light reactions of photosynthesis depend on the Calvin cycle?
The Calvin cycle refers to the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis that take place in three key steps. Although the Calvin Cycle is not directly dependent on light, it is indirectly dependent on light since the necessary energy carriers (ATP and NADPH) are products of light-dependent reactions.
Which compounds link the light reactions with the Calvin cycle reactions?
Which compounds link the light reactions with the Calvin cycle reactions? CO2 fixation, CO2 reduction, and RuBP regeneration. ATP and NADPH are both used during the Calvin cycle.
Is the Calvin cycle light-dependent?
Although the Calvin Cycle is not directly dependent on light, it is indirectly dependent on light since the necessary energy carriers ( ATP and NADPH) are products of light-dependent reactions.
Which is a reactant in the Calvin cycle?
The reactants of the Calvin cycle are CO2 from the air and NADPH and ATP from the light reactions. Light reactions produce NADPH and ATP which is why the Calvin cycle is so dependent on the light reactions.
What provides the energy source for the assembly of glucose in the Calvin cycle?
The overall purpose of the light-dependent reactions is to convert light energy into chemical energy. This chemical energy will be used by the Calvin cycle to fuel the assembly of sugar molecules.
Why is the Calvin cycle dependent on the light-dependent reaction quizlet?
ATP and NADPH are produced in the light-dependent reactions. These are then used in the Calvin cycle to produce sugars, as well as ADP and NADP + ^+ + that are used in the light reactions.
Which of the following are products of the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis that are utilized in the light reactions?
The Calvin cycle reactions use chemical energy from NADPH and ATP that were produced in the light reactions. The final product of the Calvin cycle is glucose.