What type of feature is shown in this photograph of Siccar Point Scotland quizlet?
What type of feature is shown in this photograph of Siccar Point, Scotland? This photograph shows an upper unit with fragments and a lower unit with tilted layers.
What is the main geologic feature for which Siccar point in Scotland is famous?
Siccar Point is a rocky promontory in the county of Berwickshire on the east coast of Scotland. It is famous in the history of geology for Hutton's Unconformity found in 1788, which James Hutton regarded as conclusive proof of his uniformitarian theory of geological development.
What is a principle we use to determine the age of a landscape surface quizlet?
What is a principle we use to determine the age of a landscape surface? A surface with a well-developed soil is probably older than a surface with no soil.
Where is the oldest layer in this tilted sequence of sedimentary rocks quizlet?
"In a sequence of sedimentary rock layers, the oldest layer is at the bottom and the youngest lies at the top". This stratigraphic principle, used to determine the relative age of rocks, is called …
Where is the oldest layer in this title sequence of sedimentary rocks?
the base law of superposition, a major principle of stratigraphy stating that within a sequence of layers of sedimentary rock, the oldest layer is at the base and that the layers are progressively younger with ascending order in the sequence.
What part of geologic time is represented by dinosaurs?
The 'Age of Dinosaurs' (the Mesozoic Era) included three consecutive geologic time periods (the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods). Different dinosaur species lived during each of these three periods.
What likely caused much of the damage shown in this photograph in the 1906?
What likely caused much of the damage shown in this photograph in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake? They compress and then expand the rock in the direction the wave travels.
What type of feature is displayed at Siccar Point Scotland?
Hutton used Siccar Point to demonstrate the cycle of deposition, folding, erosion and further deposition that the unconformity represents.
What would fossil ages from the geologic time scale tell us about the age of this unconformity?
What would fossil ages from the geologic timescale and an isotopic age on the granite tell us about the age of the unconformity? The unconformity is older than the age assigned to the fossils.
Which principle can be used to determine the relative age of an igneous intrusion called a dike?
Which principle can be used to determine the relative age of an igneous intrusion called a dike? Cross-cutting relations. – Principle 4 states that younger rocks or features can cut across any older rock or feature.
How is the law of superposition in sedimentary rocks used to classify fossils that may be embedded in the rock layers?
The law of superposition states that each rock layer is older than the one above it. So, the relative age of the rock or fossil in the rock or fossil in the rock is older if it is farther down in the rock layers. Relative dating can be used only when the rock layers have been preserved in their original sequence.
Where is a break or stratigraphic absence between strata in an otherwise parallel sequence of strata?
Disconformity Disconformity, where is a break or stratigraphic absence between strata in an otherwise parallel sequence of strata. Nonconformity, where sedimentary strata are deposited on crystalline (igneous or metamorphic) rocks.
What can you learn about past environments from sediments and sedimentary rocks?
What can you learn about past environments from sediments and sedimentary rocks? A huge amount, including whether the environment was land or water, whether it was warm enough for crocodiles or cold enough for ice, and much more.
How do chemical weathering and the formation of biochemical sediment remove carbon from the atmosphere and store it in the geosphere?
How do chemical weathering and the formation of biochemical sediment remove carbon from the atmosphere and store it in the geosphere? When carbon dioxide in the atmosphere combines with water, it creates carbonic acid, which precipitates and chemically weathers the rocks on Earth.
What part of geologic time is represented by mammoths birds giant beaver and saber toothed cats?
the Quaternary Period The notable event in the Quaternary Period were the ice ages that began 2 Million Years ago and remained until 10,000 Years Ago. Life-forms during the Quaternary Period included the giant ground sloths, giant beavers, bison, mammoths, mastodons, sabre-tooth cats, and human beings.
What are major geological processes and the resulting landforms of Ethiopia and the Horn in each era?
The major geological process of this Era was denudation. The gigantic mountains that were formed by the Precambrian orogeny were subjected to intense and prolonged denudation. At the end, the once gigantic mountain ranges were reduced to a “peneplained” surface.
What was going on geologically that caused the earthquake that knocked down much of San Francisco in 1906?
What was going on geologically that caused the earthquake that knocked down much of San Francisco in 1906? Slide-past motion along a great fault. Feedback: Not much mountain-building is happening along the central coast of California; the rocks slide past horizontally.
Which type of fault was responsible for the devastation associated with the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco?
Scientist project the San Andreas Fault line could cause a devastating earthquake in California by 2030. The San Andreas fault caused the biggest earthquakes in California with an approximate magnitude 7.9 in 1857 (Southern California) and 1906 (San Francisco).
Why is Siccar Point so important to geologists and geology students?
In 1788, James Hutton first discovered Siccar Point, and understood its significance. It is by far the most spectacular of several unconformities that he discovered in Scotland, and very important in helping Hutton to explain his ideas about the processes of the Earth.
Which rock at Siccar Point is younger the red sandstone or the gray sandstone?
The two sets of rocks at Siccar Point are dark grey steeply tilted rocks formed in an ancient ocean, and the much younger, almost horizontal red rocks formed on land.
How is geologic time organized on the geologic time scale?
The divisions of the geologic time scale are organized stratigraphically, with the oldest at the bottom and youngest at the top. GRI map abbreviations for each geologic time division are in parentheses. Boundary ages are in millions of years ago (mya). Major North American life history and tectonic events are included.
How the geologic time scale was created and how it is divided?
In the Geologic Time Scale, time is generally divided on the basis of the earth's biotic composition, with the Phanerozoic Eon (i.e. the Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras) representing the period of Earth's history with advanced life forms, and the Pre Cambrian (or Proterozoic and Hadean Eras) representing the …
What geological theory can be summarized by the phrase the present is the key to the past?
The principle of uniformitarianism says that the present is the key to the past. This principle has had a profound impact on the science of geology.
What is geologic scale?
The geologic time scale is the “calendar” for events in Earth history. It subdivides all time into named units of abstract time called—in descending order of duration—eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages.
Which fossil type helps geologists infer that rock layers in different geographic locations are similar in age?
If two different layers have the same index fossils, then the geologist can infer that the layers are the same age.
How is superposition used in geology?
The law of superposition is one of the principles of geology scientists use to determine the relative ages of rock strata, or layers. This principle states that layers of rock are superimposed, or laid down one on top of another. The oldest rock strata will be on the bottom and the youngest at the top.
Which stratigraphic principle states that the sedimentary layer that is on the bottom should be the oldest quizlet?
What is stratigraphy? What is the principle of superposition? In an otherwise undisturbed sequence of sedimentary strata (rock layers), the layers on the bottom are the oldest and the layers above are younger. What is the principle of original horizontality?
What is the name for an erosion surface that separates two sets of sedimentary layers with non parallel bedding planes?
a sequence of rocks that does not contain any gaps in the geologic record. What is the name for an erosion surface that separates two sets of sedimentary layers with non-parallel bedding planes? cross-bedding.
What can you learn about past environments from sediments and sedimentary rocks quizlet?
What can you learn about past environments from sediments and sedimentary rocks? A huge amount, including whether the environment was land or water, whether it was warm enough for crocodiles or cold enough for ice, and much more.
How do sedimentary rocks shows geologic history?
Sedimentary rocks are formed on or near the Earth's surface, in contrast to metamorphic and igneous rocks, which are formed deep within the Earth. The most important geological processes that lead to the creation of sedimentary rocks are erosion, weathering, dissolution, precipitation, and lithification.