What was the first type of polyphony in chant?
The first type of polyphony was Gregorian chant. Polyphonic music required specialized singers as compared to the more simple communal singing of plainchant. The lower voice in organum sings the fixed melody in extremely long notes. Polyphony was universally accepted in medieval religious communities.
Where were the earliest forms of polyphony written?
All of these techniques are known as "organum," and the earliest written examples of the technique can be found in eleventh- and twelfth-century manuscripts from England and France.
When was polyphonic music introduced?
It was in 1364, during the pontificate of Pope Urban V, that composer and priest Guillaume de Machaut composed the first polyphonic setting of the mass called La Messe de Notre Dame. This was the first time that the Church officially sanctioned polyphony in sacred music.
Who was the earliest known composer of polyphony?
Leonin The earliest known composer of polyphonic music was Leonin, who lived in the last part of the twelfth century. He was one of a number of composers whose center of study and composition was the cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. The style of polyphony that Leonin composed was called organum.
What is early polyphony?
Polyphony is a musical texture consisting of two or more independent voices. Within the context of Western music tradition, the term usually refers to music of the late Middle Ages and Renaissance. It displays a connection to the emerging Gothic style of architecture.
What was the first polyphonic music in the West?
Although the exact origins of polyphony in the Western church traditions are unknown, the treatises Musica enchiriadis and Scolica enchiriadis, both dating from c. 900, are usually considered the oldest extant written examples of polyphony.
What is a polyphony in music?
polyphony, in music, the simultaneous combination of two or more tones or melodic lines (the term derives from the Greek word for “many sounds”).
What is Renaissance polyphony?
The most important music of the early Renaissance was composed for use by the church—polyphonic (made up of several simultaneous melodies) masses and motets in Latin for important churches and court chapels.
What was early polyphony like?
Polyphony is a musical texture consisting of two or more independent voices. Within the context of Western music tradition, the term usually refers to music of the late Middle Ages and Renaissance. It displays a connection to the emerging Gothic style of architecture.
Is classical music polyphonic?
Baroque music is often polyphonic, while Classical is mainly homophonic. Baroque music can sound complicated, and quite weighty, while Classical music is lighter and more clearly structured, and it emphasises light elegance while still being energetic and lively.
Is polyphony Medieval or Renaissance?
Within the context of the Western musical tradition, the term polyphony is usually used to refer to music of the late Middle Ages and Renaissance. Baroque forms such as fugue, which might be called polyphonic, are usually described instead as contrapuntal.
What type of music is polyphonic?
Polyphony is a type of musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody, as opposed to a musical texture with just one voice, monophony, or a texture with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords, homophony.
What is polyphony in Renaissance?
The term polyphony can be used to describe a general style of music from the Medieval and Renaissance periods or, more broadly, to refer to any musical texture of more than one distinct, simultaneous melodic lines.
Which music has polyphonic texture?
Polyphonic texture, also called polyphony, is the least popular of the three main formal textures. The other two types besting monophonic and homophonic texture. Polyphony is most commonly associated with Baroque and Renaissance music, as well as the music of the composer Johann Sebastian Bach.
What is polyphonic music?
polyphony, in music, the simultaneous combination of two or more tones or melodic lines (the term derives from the Greek word for “many sounds”). Thus, even a single interval made up of two simultaneous tones or a chord of three simultaneous tones is rudimentarily polyphonic.
What is polyphony music quizlet?
polyphony. A musical texture consisting of two or more independent melodic lines.
Which polyphonic genre was one of the earliest and features long held notes taken from a Gregorian melody in the lower voice?
Around the year 1200, a simple type of polyphony called organum developed in France. This technique features long-held notes in the lower part (actually a chant melody moving very slowly), with choppy, faster-moving voices in the upper parts (based on secular dance rhythms.
What is polyphony music appreciation?
The simultaneous sounding of different pitches, or chords.
What was the earliest type of polyphony that developed by adding another vocal line to plainchant?
Organum developed from the practice of adding voices above a plainchant (Cantus Firmus); at first, these added voices ran parallel to the plainchant at an interval of a fourth or fifth. Later, they began to move about more freely. Organum was in use from the 12th through the 13th centuries.
What was the earliest music of the Middle Ages?
Chant (or plainsong) is a monophonic sacred (single, unaccompanied melody) form which represents the earliest known music of the Christian church. Chant developed separately in several European centres.
What is an example of polyphonic music?
An example of polyphonic texture might be a popular pop song which incorporates the lead singer, backup singers, and instruments in the background. Monophonic music can be thought of as different singers singing in harmony with each other during a chorus, but singing at the same or different pitches.
What is the texture of Baroque music?
Texture. Baroque music uses many types of texture: homophony, imitation, and contrapuntal combinations of contrasting rhythmic and melodic ideas. Even when the texture is imitative, however, there are usually distinct contrasts among voices.
What type of works were the earliest type of polyphonic church music?
The piece is technically known as an “organum”, an early type of polyphonic music based on plainsong, in which an accompaniment was sung above or below the melody.
What does polyphonic mean in music?
many voices Since poly- means "many", polyphonic music has "many voices". In polyphony, each part has its own melody, and they weave together in a web that may become very dense; a famous piece by Thomas Tallis, composed around 1570, has 40 separate voice parts.
What are the early forms of music?
Thus, the "Early Music" era includes:
- – Ancient Greek/Roman music (700BC-450AD),
- – Medieval music ("The Middle Ages") (c450-1450),
- – Renaissance music (c1450-1600),
- – early-Baroque music (c1600-1700).
What is considered early music?
Early music generally comprises Medieval music (500–1400) and Renaissance music (1400–1600), but can also include Baroque music (1600–1750). Originating in Europe, early music is a broad musical era for the beginning of Western classical music.
Is polyphonic a texture?
A texture is more purely polyphonic, and thus more contrapuntal, when the musical lines are rhythmically differentiated. A subcategory of polyphony, called homophony, exists in its purest form when all the voices or parts move together in the same rhythm, as in a texture of block chords.
What is the texture of Renaissance?
The texture of Renaissance music is that of a polyphonic style of blending vocal and instrumental music for a unified effect.
What is the earliest musical era?
Early music generally comprises Medieval music (500–1400) and Renaissance music (1400–1600), but can also include Baroque music (1600–1750).
What was the first musical?
The first musical film, The Jazz Singer (1927), starring Al Jolson, introduced the sound era of motion pictures. It was followed by a series of musicals hastily made to capitalize on the novelty of sound.