What were Europeans born in Latin America called?
Creole, Spanish Criollo, French Créole, originally, any person of European (mostly French or Spanish) or African descent born in the West Indies or parts of French or Spanish America (and thus naturalized in those regions rather than in the parents' home country).
Who were the peninsulares quizlet?
Peninsulares were Spanish and Portuguese officials who resided temporarily in Latin America for political and economic gain, they held all of the important positions, dominated Latin America, and drained the Americas of their wealth.
Why did the Creoles resent the peninsulares?
Who were the peninsulares, and why did the creoles resent them? Creoles resented the power of these Spanish and Portuguese officials who lived temporarily in Latin America for personal gain.
What is the correct list of social classes from colonial Latin America from highest to lowest?
The social class system of Latin America goes as follows from the most power and fewest people, to those with the least amount of power and the most people: Peninsulares, Creoles, Mestizos, Mulattoes, Native Americans and Africans.
Who settled in Latin America?
Latin America came to fruition in the 1500's after European “discovery” of the New World. Countries such as Spain, France and Portugal colonized the region. Although most of Latin America was colonized by Spain, the countries of Portugal and France also had major influences on the region.
Who were the creoles and peninsulares?
Distinctions were made between criollos, those born in the Americas, and peninsulares, those born in Spain. Criollos were considered inferior to those who came from the mother country. Those persons of mixed race – Indian and Spaniard – known as mestizos, were one of the most rapidly growing groups in frontier society.
Who were the Creoles and peninsulares?
Distinctions were made between criollos, those born in the Americas, and peninsulares, those born in Spain. Criollos were considered inferior to those who came from the mother country. Those persons of mixed race – Indian and Spaniard – known as mestizos, were one of the most rapidly growing groups in frontier society.
Why did peninsulares reside temporarily in Latin America and then return home?
peninsulares were spanish and portuguese officials who resided temporarily in Latin America for political and economic gain and then returned to their homeland. The creole elites resented the peninsulares, who dominated latin america and drained the region of its wealth.
What three groups formed the social hierarchy of Spanish and Portuguese colonies in Latin America?
During most of the colonial era, Spanish American society had a pyramidal structure with a small number of Spaniards at the top, a group of mixedrace people beneath them, and at the bottom a large indigenous population and small number of slaves, usually of African origin.
Who were the liberators of Latin America?
Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín were both called "the Liberator." They are unquestionably Latin America's two greatest heroes of the wars for independence, 1810 1824.
When did the Spanish arrive in Latin America?
Beginning with Columbus in 1492 and continuing for nearly 350 years, Spain conquered and settled most of South America, the Caribbean, and the American Southwest.
When did Spain and Portugal colonize South America?
In 1494 a north-south Line of Demarcation was established at about 1,185 miles (1,900 kilometers) west of the Cape Verde Islands. All territory east of the line fell to Portugal, while all territory west of it went to Spain. This agreement was called the Treaty of Tordesillas.
Who are criollos and mestizos?
Distinctions were made between criollos, those born in the Americas, and peninsulares, those born in Spain. Criollos were considered inferior to those who came from the mother country. Those persons of mixed race – Indian and Spaniard – known as mestizos, were one of the most rapidly growing groups in frontier society.
Who were Creoles mestizos?
Creole and Mestizo are colonial racial categories referring to children to a Spanish parent and a Filipino or Chinese parent, usually a Spanish father and Filipino or Chinese mother.
Who were the peninsulares in Latin America?
peninsular, Spanish Peninsular, plural Peninsulares, also called Gachupín, or Chapetón, any of the colonial residents of Latin America from the 16th through the early 19th centuries who had been born in Spain. The name refers to the Iberian Peninsula.
Who governed the Spanish colonies?
Conquistadores, soldiers, and mission- aries were the primary Spanish coloniz- ers; farmers and traders came later. Colonies were governed by crown- appointed viceroys or governors. Settlers had to obey the king's laws and could make none of their own.
Who were the two liberators of South America?
Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín were both called "the Liberator." They are unquestionably Latin America's two greatest heroes of the wars for independence, 1810 1824. Yet in Bolívar's case, the title rang across the continent.
Who were the two major liberators of South America?
The Guayaquil conference (1822) between Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín, the greatest libertadores (liberators) of Spanish America.
Who colonized Latin America?
Spain History. Latin America came to fruition in the 1500's after European “discovery” of the New World. Countries such as Spain, France and Portugal colonized the region. Although most of Latin America was colonized by Spain, the countries of Portugal and France also had major influences on the region.
Why did the Spanish arrived in the Americas?
Driven by a desire for wealth, power and territories, countries such as Spain sent explorers known as conquistadors (conquerors) in search of new lands and trade routes. When the Spanish arrived in the Americas, there were two dominant empires there – the Aztec Empire and the Inca Empire.
What are peninsulares and Insulares mestizo and Indio?
Insulares were part of the second highest racial class in Spanish hierarchy below the peninsulares, or full-blooded Spaniards born in Europe. They ranked above mestizos (a person of mixed Chamorro and Spanish parentage), native Filipinos, and Indios (native CHamorus of the Mariana Islands).
Who called themselves criollos?
Persons of pure Spanish descent born in the Spanish Philippines were those to whom the term Filipinos originally applied, though they were also called Insulares ("islanders", i.e. Spaniard born in the Philippine islands) or Criollos ("Creoles", i.e. (Philippine-born Spaniard) "Locals").
What is Spanish mestizo?
The term mestizo means mixed in Spanish, and is generally used throughout Latin America to describe people of mixed ancestry with a white European and an indigenous background.
What were Creoles and mestizos?
Creole and Mestizo are colonial racial categories referring to children to a Spanish parent and a Filipino or Chinese parent, usually a Spanish father and Filipino or Chinese mother.
What was the government in Spanish colonies?
France and Spain, for instance, were governed by autocratic sovereigns whose rule was absolute; their colonists went to America as ser- vants of the Crown.
How were the Portuguese colonies governed?
Type of Government One of the most powerful of the European colonial empires, the Portuguese Empire was ruled by an absolute monarch. The empire included colonies in coastal Africa, India, Indonesia, China, the Middle East, and South America.
Who were the leaders of the Latin American independence movements?
To change these conditions, various leaders began movements that would alter the political and cultural landscape of this region: Toussaint L'Ouverture in Haiti (1791), Miguel Hidalgo in Mexico (1810), José de San Martin in what is now Argentina, Chile, and Peru (1808), and Simón Bolívar in what is now Colombia, …
Who was the liberator of Latin America?
A portrait of Simon Bolivar, nicknamed "El Libertador" (the Liberator) of South America, hangs in Miraflores Palace in Bolivar's hometown of Caracas, Venezuela. Miraflores Palace is the headquarters of the Venezuelan government. On July 24, 1783, Simon Bolivar was born in Caracas, in what is now Venezuela.
Who were the 3 major leaders in the Latin American revolution?
To change these conditions, various leaders began movements that would alter the political and cultural landscape of this region: Toussaint L'Ouverture in Haiti (1791), Miguel Hidalgo in Mexico (1810), José de San Martin in what is now Argentina, Chile, and Peru (1808), and Simón Bolívar in what is now Colombia, …
Where in Latin America did Portugal colonize?
Portugal colonized parts of South America (Brazil, Colónia do Sacramento, Uruguay, Guanare, Venezuela), but also made some unsuccessful attempts to colonize North America (Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia in Canada).