Where does NADPH produced?
NADPH is formed on the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane, so it is released into the stroma. In a process called non-cyclic photophosphorylation (the "standard" form of the light-dependent reactions), electrons are removed from water and passed through PSII and PSI before ending up in NADPH.
Where are ATP and NADPH made quizlet?
How are ATP and NADPH made in the light reactions? Hydrogen ions actively pumped into the thylakoid membrane flow passively through ATP synthase, adding a phosphate to ADP, creating ATP. Identify the following characteristics as applying to either glycolysis or the Krebs cycle.
What is the source of the ATP and NADPH molecules?
Light-dependent reactions harness energy from the sun to produce ATP and NADPH. These energy-carrying molecules travel into the stroma where the Calvin cycle reactions take place.
Where is ATP produced?
mitochondria ATP synthesized in mitochondria is the primary energy source for important biological functions, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and protein synthesis.
Is NADPH produced in the Calvin cycle?
ATP and NADPH produced by the light reactions are used in the Calvin cycle to reduce carbon dioxide to sugar.
How are ATP and NADPH made in the light reactions?
This is accomplished by the use of two different photosystems in the light reactions of photosynthesis, one to generate ATP and the other to generate NADPH. Electrons are transferred sequentially between the two photosystems, with photosystem I acting to generate NADPH and photosystem II acting to generate ATP.
How are ATP and NADPH made in the light reactions quizlet?
(In the light reactions, the energy of sunlight is used to oxidize water (the electron donor) to O2 and pass these electrons to NADP+, producing NADPH. Some light energy is used to convert ADP to ATP. The NADPH and ATP produced are subsequently used to power the sugar-producing Calvin cycle.)
Where is ATP made in photosynthesis?
stroma side ATP and NADPH are produced on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane, where they can be used by the Calvin cycle.
Where is ATP synthesized in the mitochondria?
mitochondrial matrix The human mitochondrial (mt) ATP synthase, or complex V (EC 3.6. 3.14) is the 5th multi subunit oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex. It synthesizes ATP from ADP in the mitochondrial matrix using the energy provided by the proton electrochemical gradient (Capaldi et al.
How is ATP made in mitochondria?
The process is called oxidative phosphorylation and it happens inside mitochondria. In the matrix of mitochondria the reactions known as the citric acid or Krebs cycle produce a chemical called NADH. NADH is then used by enzymes embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
How is NADPH formed in photosynthesis?
The reaction center chlorophyll of photosystem I transfers its excited electrons through a series of carriers to ferrodoxin, a small protein on the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane. The enzyme NADP reductase then transfers electrons from ferrodoxin to NADP+, generating NADPH.
Is ATP produced in Calvin cycle?
Some Calvin cycle reactions require ATP (adenosine triphosphate), a compound that functions in energy transfer, and NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), a source of hydrogen atoms for reduction reactions. ATP and NADPH are formed during light-energized reactions of photosynthesis.
Where is ATP produced in photosynthesis?
stroma side ATP and NADPH are produced on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane, where they can be used by the Calvin cycle.
Where is ATP synthesized in cellular respiration?
the mitochondria ATP Synthesis ATP is produced through different methods: through cellular respiration in the mitochondria, during photosynthesis in the chloroplasts of plants, and across the inner membrane of bacteria and archaea, which do not have mitochondria.
Which part of photosynthesis produces NADPH quizlet?
ATP and NADPH produced by the light reactions are used by the Calvin cycle to make carbohydrates. In the first step of photosynthesis, ATP and NADPH are produced using the light-dependent reactions.
Where does Calvin cycle take place?
stroma Unlike the light reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, the reactions of the Calvin cycle take place in the stroma (the inner space of chloroplasts).
How ATP and NADPH are synthesized in chloroplasts?
Photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria produces both ATP and NADPH directly by a two-step process called noncyclic photophosphorylation. Because two photosystems—called photosystems I and II—are used in series to energize an electron, the electron can be transferred all the way from water to NADPH.
Does photosynthesis produce NADPH?
These are the "Light Phase Reactions" of photosynthesis, which produce two high energy chemical products, namely NADPH and ATP.
Where is ATP synthase produced?
mitochondrial The ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme localized in the inner membrane, where it catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate, driven by a flux of protons across a gradient generated by electron transfer from the proton chemically positive to the negative side.
Which part of the cell makes ATP?
Mitochondria Mitochondria Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Where is ATP made?
mitochondria ATP synthesized in mitochondria is the primary energy source for important biological functions, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and protein synthesis.
Which part of mitochondria produces ATP?
The inner membrane of the mitochondrion contains the components of the electron transport chain. Oxidation/reduction reactions along the components of the electron transport chain generate a proton gradient that is used by ATP synthase to phosphorylate ADP, thereby producing ATP.
How is ATP and NADPH formed in photosynthesis?
This is accomplished by the use of two different photosystems in the light reactions of photosynthesis, one to generate ATP and the other to generate NADPH. Electrons are transferred sequentially between the two photosystems, with photosystem I acting to generate NADPH and photosystem II acting to generate ATP.
What does Calvin cycle produce?
The reactions of the Calvin cycle add carbon (from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) to a simple five-carbon molecule called RuBP. These reactions use chemical energy from NADPH and ATP that were produced in the light reactions. The final product of the Calvin cycle is glucose.
What organelle produces ATP?
Mitochondria Definition. Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
What is ATP and where is it produced?
adenosine triphosphate (ATP), energy-carrying molecule found in the cells of all living things. ATP captures chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes.
What does the Calvin cycle produce?
The reactions of the Calvin cycle add carbon (from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) to a simple five-carbon molecule called RuBP. These reactions use chemical energy from NADPH and ATP that were produced in the light reactions. The final product of the Calvin cycle is glucose.
Which part of photosynthesis generates ATP quizlet?
In the first step of photosynthesis, ATP and NADPH are produced using the light-dependent reactions. The ATP is used to provide energy to the Calvin cycle, where carbon is reduced to make carbohydrates.
Where are the ATP and NADPH used?
ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions of the photosystems are used by the Calvin cycle in the stroma of the chloroplast.
Where does glycolysis take place?
the cytoplasm Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm. Within the mitochondrion, the citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, and oxidative metabolism occurs at the internal folded mitochondrial membranes (cristae).