Which best describes the ability of a single gene to have multiple phenotypic effects?
The ability of a gene to show multiple phenotypic effects is called C) pleiotropy, i.e., one gene showing many effects.
When a single gene has multiple phenotypic effects that is called?
The term pleiotropy is derived from the Greek words pleio, which means "many," and tropic, which means "affecting." Genes that affect multiple, apparently unrelated, phenotypes are thus called pleiotropic genes (Figure 1).
Which of the following will produce multiple phenotypic effect?
So, the correct answer is 'pleiotropy'.
What are multiple phenotypic effects?
Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits, an example being phenylketonuria, which is a human disease that affects multiple systems but is caused by one gene defect.
Which inheritance patterns describes the ability of a single allele to have multiple phenotypic effects incomplete dominance epistasis multiple alleles pleiotropy?
Answer and Explanation: The correct answer is (c) pleiotropy. Pleiotropic genes are genes that can affect multiple phenotypes, or traits, through changes in just a single…
What is pleiotropy with example?
In genetics, Pleiotropy is defined as the expression of multiple traits by a single gene. Pleiotropy is derived from a Greek word meaning more ways. A simple example of a Pleiotropy is phenylketonuria is a disease. It is a genetic disorder caused by the low metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine in the body cells.
What is the ability of a gene to cause multiple effects on a phenotype?
Pleiotropy (from Greek πλείων pleion, 'more', and τρόπος tropos, 'way') occurs when one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. Such a gene that exhibits multiple phenotypic expression is called a pleiotropic gene.
What is penetrance and expressivity?
Penetrance is the percentage of animals of a specific genotype who express the phenotype associated with that underlying genotype. Expressivity refers to the degree that a particular genotype is expressed as a phenotype within an individual.
Which one of the following is an example of gene with multiple phenotypic effect?
The gene having the ability to control expression of a number of characters and have multiple phenotypic effects is called pleiotropic gene. For example- in Drosophila, the gene for wing size also affects the nature of balancers, eye color, fertility, longevity, etc.
Which of the following is an example of gene with multiple phenotypic effects?
The gene having the ability to control expression of a number of characters and have multiple phenotypic effects is called pleiotropic gene. For example- in Drosophila, the gene for wing size also affects the nature of balancers, eye color, fertility, longevity, etc.
What is it called when a single gene controls multiple traits?
Pleiotropy is the condition in which a single gene influences more than one trait.
What pleiotropy means?
Pleiotropy means that a single gene affects two or more characters. In the context of life history evolution, pleiotropy means that a single gene affects the fitness of the organism at two or more ages. It is convenient to categorize the combinations of age-specific pleiotropic effects as shown in Table 1.
What is pleiotropy and epistasis?
Pleiotropy, in which one mutation causes multiple phenotypes, has traditionally been seen as a deviation from the conventional observation in which one gene affects one phenotype. Epistasis, or gene-gene interaction, has also been treated as an exception to the Mendelian one gene-one phenotype paradigm.
What is a pleiotropic allele?
Pleiotropy: where one gene affects multiple characteristics. Lethal alleles: alleles that prevent survival when homozygous or heterozygous.
What is plasticity in genetics?
Ecological Genetics Phenotypic plasticity refers to the observation that a given genotype expresses different phenotypes in different ecological settings. At its most basic level, the concept applies to any differences in trait means between environments.
What is a penetrant allele?
Penetrance in genetics is the proportion of individuals carrying a particular variant (or allele) of a gene (the genotype) that also express an associated trait (the phenotype).
What are multiple alleles?
Alleles or allelomorphs are the alternative forms of a gene present at the same locus on the homologous chromosomes. Some genes have more than two allelic forms, which is referred to as multiple alleles.
What is it called when one gene controls multiple characters?
Pleiotropy occurs when a single gene influences multiple phenotypic traits.
Is epistasis multiple alleles?
Traits controlled by more than two alleles have multiple alleles. Many genes have multiple phenotypic effects, a property called pleiotropy. Epistasis is when a gene at one location (locus) alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at another locus.
What is the difference between polygenic and pleiotropy?
Some people confuse pleiotropy and polygenic inheritance. The major difference between the two is that pleiotropy is when one gene affects multiple characteristics (e.g. Marfan syndrome) and polygenic inheritance is when one trait is controlled by multiple genes (e.g. skin pigmentation).
When a single gene has multiple downstream effects what is it called?
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores. When a single gene has multiple downstream effects it is called ______________. Pleiotropy.
What is the difference between pleiotropy and epistasis?
The basic difference between epistasis and pleiotropy is that epistasis is the phenomenon in which a gene at one site changes the phenotypic expression of a gene at another location whereas pleiotropy explains the phenomenon in which a single gene affects several phenotypic traits.
What is adaptive phenotypic plasticity?
In changing environments, adaptive phenotypic plasticity provides a mechanism for organisms to regulate trait expression within their lifetime, which can stabilize populations through those changes (Gibert et al., 2019).
Does genotype affect phenotype?
However, since an organism's genotype generally affects its phenotype, the phenotypes that make up the population are also likely to change. For example, differences in the genotypes can produce different phenotypes.
What is phenotypic penetrance?
Thus, penetrance is the probability that any phenotypic effects resulting from a particular genotype will occur. Certain factors are known to influence the gene penetrance for specific disorders. For example, phenotypic expression of a particular phenotype may be modified by age, termed age-related penetrance.
How can a single gene have multiple alleles?
The majority of human genes are thought to have more than two normal versions or alleles. Traits controlled by a single gene with more than two alleles are called multiple allele traits. An example is ABO blood type. Your blood type refers to which of certain proteins called antigens are found on your red blood cells.
How do multiple alleles affect phenotype?
Having more than 1 or 2 alleles for a trait can greatly increase the number of phenotypes, depending on the trait's specific pattern of inheritance. For example, human blood type is controlled by 3 alleles (just referring to the ABO blood groups here): A, B, and O.
Which of the following is an example of gene with multiple phenotypic effect?
The gene having the ability to control expression of a number of characters and have multiple phenotypic effects is called pleiotropic gene. For example- in Drosophila, the gene for wing size also affects the nature of balancers, eye color, fertility, longevity, etc.
What is an adaptive phenotype?
In changing environments, adaptive phenotypic plasticity provides a mechanism for organisms to regulate trait expression within their lifetime, which can stabilize populations through those changes (Gibert et al., 2019).
How can one genotype give rise to multiple phenotypes?
Genotype generally remains constant from one environment to another, although occasional spontaneous mutations may occur which cause it to change. However, when the same genotype is subjected to different environments, it can produce a wide range of phenotypes.