Which earthquake intensity scale assesses the effects of an earthquake on humans and human made structures?
Although numerousintensity scales have been developed over the last several hundred years to evaluate the effects of earthquakes, the one currently used in the United States is the Modified Mercalli (MM) Intensity Scale.
Where does slip initiated during an earthquake?
The surface where they slip is called the fault or fault plane. The location below the earth's surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter, and the location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter.
Is slip the distance rocks move along a fault?
Slip is the distance rocks move along a fault. Slip can be up or down the fault plane. Slip is relative, because there is usually no way to know whether both sides moved or only one. Faults lie at an angle to the horizontal surface of the Earth.
Which earthquake severity scale takes vibration caused by the S waves or the intensity of an earthquake into account when estimating the size of an earthquake?
The Richter scale and how it measures earthquake magnitude. The Richter scale calculates an earthquake's magnitude (size) from the amplitude of the earthquake's largest seismic wave recorded by a seismograph.
What is the quantity of offset that occurs along a fault?
The quantity of offset that occurs along a fault is termed. Displacement. The intersection between a fault plane and the ground surface is called the. Fault trace.
Which scale takes into account the movement of rocks along fault lines?
The idea of a logarithmic earthquake magnitude scale was first developed by Charles Richter in the 1930's for measuring the size of earthquakes occurring in southern California using relatively high-frequency data from nearby seismograph stations.
What are the surface waves called as?
Surface waves, in this mechanical sense, are commonly known as either Love waves (L waves) or Rayleigh waves. A seismic wave is a wave that travels through the Earth, often as the result of an earthquake or explosion.
What is dip slip?
Detailed Description. A normal (dip-slip) fault is an inclined fracture where the rock mass above an inclined fault moves down.
What is a strike-slip earthquake?
Strike-slip faults are vertical (or nearly vertical) fractures where the blocks have mostly moved horizontally. If the block opposite an observer looking across the fault moves to the right, the slip style is termed right lateral; if the block moves to the left, the motion is termed left lateral.
What is an earthquake fault line?
A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock. Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other. This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake – or may occur slowly, in the form of creep. Faults may range in length from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers.
Which wave of the earthquake produces rolling effect along the surface Mcq?
6) Rolling effect along the earth's surface affect produces a wave of an earthquake? Answer: C) S wave Explanation: S wave, shear wave or secondary wave is one of the kinds of surface waves produced at the earthquake under the solid ground.
What is the name of the waves given off by an earthquake?
Seismic Waves There are two different types wave produced by an earthquake: body waves and surface waves.
Which are surface waves?
In physics, a surface wave is a mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media. A common example is gravity waves along the surface of liquids, such as ocean waves.
When rocks move slip and separate from each other energy release in a form of?
These joints formed when the confining stress was removed from the granite. If the blocks of rock on one or both sides of a fracture move, the fracture is called a fault (figure 11). Sudden motions along faults cause rocks to break and move suddenly. The energy released is an earthquake.
What is earthquake surface?
A surface wave is a seismic seismic wave that is trapped near the surface of the earth.
What are the two types of surface waves called?
The two types of surface waves are named Love waves and Rayleigh waves, after the scientists who identified them. Love waves have a horizontal motion that moves the surface from side to side perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling. Of the two surface waves, Love waves move faster.
What is another name for dip slip?
Dip-Slip Fault: In geology, a dip-slip fault is any fault in which the earth's movement is parallel with the dip of the fault plane. For example, a normal fault, reverse fault, or listric fault.
What is dip in earthquake?
Dip is the angle that a planar geologic surface (for example, a fault) is inclined from the horizontal.
Why is it called strike-slip?
strike-slip fault, also called transcurrent fault, wrench fault, or lateral fault, in geology, a fracture in the rocks of Earth's crust in which the rock masses slip past one another parallel to the strike, the intersection of a rock surface with the surface or another horizontal plane.
What is slip geology?
The slip rate is how fast the two sides of a fault are slipping relative to one another, as determined from geodetic measurements, from offset man-made structures, or from offset geologic features whose age can be estimated.
What is oblique slip fault?
A fault that has a component of dip-slip and a component of strike-slip movement is termed an oblique-slip fault. Nearly all faults will have some component of both dip-slip and strike-slip, so a fault that is classified as oblique requires both dip and strike components to be significant and measurable.
What is surface wave in earthquake?
A surface wave is a seismic seismic wave that is trapped near the surface of the earth.
What are surface waves called as?
Surface waves, in this mechanical sense, are commonly known as either Love waves (L waves) or Rayleigh waves. A seismic wave is a wave that travels through the Earth, often as the result of an earthquake or explosion.
What are surface waves called?
Surface waves, in this mechanical sense, are commonly known as either Love waves (L waves) or Rayleigh waves. A seismic wave is a wave that travels through the Earth, often as the result of an earthquake or explosion.
Which type of seismic wave moves rock particles up and down or side to side perpendicular to the direction the waves are traveling in?
S waves S waves move rock particles up and down, or side-to-side perpendicular to the direction that the wave is traveling in (the direction of wave propagation). Travelling only through the crust, surface waves are of a lower frequency than body waves, and are easily distinguished on a seismogram as a result.
Which wave of the earthquake produces rolling along the surface?
Rayleigh waves Rayleigh waves cause both vertical and horizontal ground motion. These can be the most destructive waves as they roll along lifting and dropping the ground as they pass.
Which type of earthquake is caused by a sudden movement of rocks of the movement of tectonic plates?
There are two types of earthquakes: tectonic and volcanic earthquakes. Tectonic earthquakes are produced by sudden movement along faults and plate boundaries. Earthquakes induced by rising lava or magma beneath active volcanoes is called volcanic earthquakes.
When rocks break because of stress the energy released is in the form of a N?
Mountains and Earthquakes Chapter 9
| A | B |
|---|---|
| When rocks break because of stress, the energy released is in the form of a _________ | earthquake |
| When the build-up of stress in the earth's crust is so great that rocks reach their _____earthquakes occur | elastic-limit |
| A reverse fault is often located along a ____plate boundary | convergent |
What is the surface where the slip occurs?
Surface faulting is displacement that reaches the earth's surface during slip along a fault. Commonly occurs with shallow earthquakes, those with an epicenter less than 20 km.
Which of the following earthquake hazards refers to an offset of the ground surface resulting from the movement of the fault?
Surface Faulting. Surface faulting is the offset or tearing of the ground surface by differential movement along a fault during an earthquake.