Which feature of the ocean floor comes from an abundant outpouring of mafic lava and resembles flood basalts on the continent?
A mid-ocean ridge or mid-oceanic ridge is an underwater mountain range formed by plate tectonics. This uplifting of the ocean floor occurs when convection currents rise in the mantle beneath the oceanic crust and create magma where two tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary.
What features are present on the ocean basin floor?
Underwater landforms
- Continental shelf. Starting from land, a trip across an ocean basin along the seafloor would begin with crossing the continental shelf. …
- Abyssal plains. Continuing your journey across the ocean basin, you would descend the steep continental slope to the abyssal plain. …
- Mid-ocean ridge. …
- Ocean trenches.
May 1, 2020
How do oceanic ridges differ from most mountain ranges on the continent?
How do oceanic ridges differ from continental mountain ranges? Most mountain ranges form through the collisions of two continents, whereas oceanic ridges form when material upwells from the mantle and generates new oceanic crust.
What are the three major provinces of the ocean floor?
three distinct provinces:
- continental margins.
- deep ocean basins.
- mid-ocean ridges.
What is flood basalt provinces?
The flood basalt province known as the Deccan Traps is located on the Deccan Plateau in west-central India and is one of the largest volcanic provinces in the world. The Deccan Plateau consists of more than 2000 m-thick succession of flat-lying basalt lava flows and covers an area of nearly 500 000 km2.
What causes flood basalts?
A flood basalt (or plateau basalt) is the result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that covers large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava. Many flood basalts have been attributed to the onset of a hotspot reaching the surface of the earth via a mantle plume.
Which feature forms most of the ocean floor?
The feature that forms most of the ocean floor is the abyssal plain.
How are features found on the ocean floor similar to features found on land?
Like dry land, the ocean floor has various features including flat plains, sharp mountains, and rugged canyons (Fig. 7.1). However, the lowest point in the world ocean is much deeper than the highest point on land.
Which plate boundary and movement commonly create ridges like the Mid Atlantic oceanic ridge explain how ridges can be created by plate tectonics?
Mid-ocean ridges occur along divergent plate boundaries, where new ocean floor is created as the Earth's tectonic plates spread apart. As the plates separate, molten rock rises to the seafloor, producing enormous volcanic eruptions of basalt.
What statement is true of the surface area of oceanic ridges and their associated features?
What statement is true of the surface area of oceanic ridges and their associated features? They consist of slightly less area than that of all the land above sea level. What is considered an important factor in shaping western boundary continental rises?
What are the three major regions of the ocean floor and some features associated with each region?
The ocean floor or seabed can be divided into three major regions: the continental margins, abyssal plains, and mid-ocean ridges. These regions are… See full answer below.
What are the provinces of the seafloor called?
Physiography and bathymetry (submarine landscape) allow the sea floor to be subdivided into three distinct provinces: (1) continental margins, (2) deep ocean basins and (3) mid-oceanic ridges.
Where are flood basalt found?
Flood basalts are thick successions of basalt erupted onto the continents over short periods of time, like the Columbia River basalts in the northwest United States and the Deccan traps in India.
What is flood basalt in geography?
n. (Geological Science) a very extensive lava flow of basaltic composition that has issued from a fissure, often to be found as part of a series of such flows one on top of another, forming a plateau. See fissure eruption.
What is a continental flood basalt province?
Abstract. Large areas of the continents appear to have been covered by vast thicknesses of laterally extensive basaltic lava flows at various stages during the past 1000 Ma, apparently fed from fissures rather than central vent volcanoes. These are referred to as continental flood basalt provinces or CFBs.
What are the most prominent features on the ocean floor quizlet?
Terms in this set (7)
- Abyssal plain. An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. …
- Continental shelf. …
- continental slope. …
- Med-oceans ridge. …
- Oceanic trench. …
- Seamount. …
- Sonar.
What the ocean floor looks like?
2:143:19Ocean Floor Features – YouTubeYouTube
Which landforms found on the continents are most like these landforms in the ocean?
The ocean floor contains all of the geographic features that can be found on the continents: Mountains, volcanoes, plains, valleys, and canyons. These underwater landforms are many times taller, deeper, longer, and wider than those on dry land.
What type of plate boundary is located along the middle of the Atlantic Ocean floor?
divergent The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge (a divergent or constructive plate boundary) located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, and part of the longest mountain range in the world.
What type of plate movement or boundary is happening in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
divergent plate boundaries The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of divergent plate boundaries. When two plates come together, it is known as a convergent boundary. The impact of the colliding plates can cause the edges of one or both plates to buckle up into a mountain ranges or one of the plates may bend down into a deep seafloor trench.
Which of the following ocean floor features is associated with trenches?
In particular, ocean trenches are a feature of convergent plate boundaries, where two or more tectonic plates meet. At many convergent plate boundaries, dense lithosphere melts or slides beneath less-dense lithosphere in a process called subduction, creating a trench.
How do the floors of ocean basins and continents differ?
Continental crust is mostly granite, a coarse-grained igneous rock, and oceanic crust is mostly basalt, a fine-grained igneous rock. Granite is rich in minerals containing silica and aluminum and basalt is rich in minerals containing iron and magnesium. Continental crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust.
What are the three ocean floor regions that have their own unique characteristics quizlet?
The ocean floor regions are the continental margins, the ocean basin floor, and the mid-ocean ridge.
Which feature of the seafloor is a tectonic plate boundary?
Deep ocean trenches, volcanoes, island arcs, submarine mountain ranges, and fault lines are examples of features that can form along plate tectonic boundaries.
What do flood basalts look like?
Flood basalts are almost devoid of large phenocrysts, larger crystals present in the lava prior to its being erupted to the surface, which are often present in other extrusive igneous rocks. Phenocrysts are more abundant in the dikes that fed lava to the surface. Flood basalts are most often quartz tholeiites.
What is an example of a flood basalt?
The most famous US example of a flood basalt province is the Columbia River Basalt province, covering most of SE Washington State and extending all the way to the Pacific and into Oregon. The Deccan Traps of NW India are much larger and the Siberian Traps are even larger than that (but poorly understood).
What are the features of seafloor quizlet?
What are the eight main features of the ocean floor? Continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, abyssal plain, mid-ocean ridge, ocean trench, seamount, and volcanic island.
What are the most common ocean features?
What are the most common ocean features or landforms? (These are known as continental shelves, conti- nental slopes, abyssal plains, mid-ocean ridges, and oceanic trenches.)
What are the features of ocean?
Features of the Ocean
- Intertidal or Littoral – located from high tide to low tide areas. …
- Continental shelf – located from low tide to the edge of the shelf.
- Continental slope – where the ocean bottom slopes steeply to the ocean floor.
- Abyssal plane – the 'bottom' of the ocean where it is relatively flat.
What Continental landform is compared to the mid-ocean ridge?
| Continental and Oceanic Landforms | ||
|---|---|---|
| Description | Continental | Oceanic |
| Deep valley with high steep sides | Canyon | Trench |
| An opening in the surface from which lava flows | Volcano | Seamount and Volcanic Islands |
| Land which rises high above the ground | Mountain Range | Mid-Ocean Ridge |