Which process results in mineral flattening during metamorphism?
Which processes result in mineral flattening during metamorphism? dissolution followed by crystallization.
Why are mineral bands in metamorphic rocks light and dark colored quizlet?
Minerals dissolve, atoms migrate to new locations, and minerals reform. Why are mineral bands in metamorphic rocks light and dark colored? Dark minerals rich in iron and magnesium separate from light minerals rich in silica and aluminum.
Which of the following describes the orientation of slaty cleavage and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied?
Which of the following describes the orientation of slaty cleavage and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied? Slaty cleavage is parallel to the direction of the weakest stress applied.
Does pressure cause long minerals to align?
Differential stress (pressure) is the main force causing minerals to align parallel to each other and create a texture that is foliated or lineated. Correct! Differential stress (pressure) is the main force causing minerals to align parallel to each other and create a texture that is foliated or lineated.
What are the changes that occur on rocks during the process of metamorphism How do these changes occur?
Metamorphism occurs because some minerals are stable only under certain conditions of pressure and temperature. When pressure and temperature change, chemical reactions occur to cause the minerals in the rock to change to an assemblage that is stable at the new pressure and temperature conditions.
How can a rock change during metamorphism?
The process of metamorphism does not melt the rocks, but instead transforms them into denser, more compact rocks. New minerals are created either by rearrangement of mineral components or by reactions with fluids that enter the rocks.
What term describes igneous rocks that form when molten rock solidifies at the surface of the Earth?
What term describes igneous rocks that form when molten rock solidifies at the surface of the Earth? Extrusive.
Which of the following describes the orientation of slaty cleavage and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied quizlet?
Which of the following describes the orientation of slaty cleavage and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied? Slaty cleavage is parallel to the direction of the weakest stress applied.
How does mineral cleavage work?
In mineral terms, cleavage describes how a crystal breaks when subject to stress on a particular plane. If part of a crystal breaks due to stress and the broken piece retains a smooth plane or crystal shape, the mineral has cleavage.
What happens to a mineral when pressure on it is steadily increases?
Like heat, pressure increases with depth. This pressure can actually squeeze the spaces out of the minerals within the rock. This makes the rocks denser. The heat and pressure together cause the rock to flow instead of break or fracture.
What happens to minerals as temperature and pressure increase?
Metamorphism occurs because some minerals are stable only under certain conditions of pressure and temperature. When pressure and temperature change, chemical reactions occur to cause the minerals in the rock to change to an assemblage that is stable at the new pressure and temperature conditions.
How do minerals change during metamorphism?
Metamorphism occurs because some minerals are stable only under certain conditions of pressure and temperature. When pressure and temperature change, chemical reactions occur to cause the minerals in the rock to change to an assemblage that is stable at the new pressure and temperature conditions.
What are the changes that occur on rocks during the process?
The three processes that change one rock to another are crystallization, metamorphism, and erosion and sedimentation. Any rock can transform into any other rock by passing through one or more of these processes. This creates the rock cycle.
How do new minerals grow within existing rocks?
How do new minerals grow in existing rocks? Heat and pressure break the bonds that join the atoms in minerals. The atoms can then join together differently as new bonds form, in process called recrystallization.
How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals may occur in the cracks, crevices, faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are called Veins and the larger is called Lodes. In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid/molten and gaseous forms are forced upward through cavities towards the earth's surface.
How is molten rock formed and what type of rock does it create when it hardens?
Igneous rocks form when magma (molten rock) cools and crystallizes, either at volcanoes on the surface of the Earth or while the melted rock is still inside the crust.
What happens to the grain size of the minerals in rocks when the heat is increased?
The heat and pressure together cause the rock to flow instead of break or fracture. The mineral grains become realigned. They flatten out and get longer.
When the mineral assemblage of a rock changes due to high temperature and pressure the rock undergoes?
Sedimentary rock. When the mineral assemblage of a rock changes due to high temperature and pressure, the rock undergoes… recrystallization.
How are minerals formed?
Minerals form when rocks are heated enough that atoms of different elements can move around and join into different molecules. Minerals are deposited from salty water solutions on Earth's surface and underground.
What does cleavage mean with minerals?
Cleavage is the tendency of minerals to split along crystallographic planes as a result of structural locations of atoms and ions in the crystal, creating planes of relative weakness. From: Introduction to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2014.
How are minerals formed from pressure?
Metamorphism: solid minerals react with each other under high pressures and temperatures, and new minerals are formed. Weathering: minerals unstable at Earth's surface are chemically altered by surface processes.
What happens to the grain size minerals in rocks when heat is increased?
The heat and pressure together cause the rock to flow instead of break or fracture. The mineral grains become realigned. They flatten out and get longer.
What happened to the mineral when the temperature rises?
Changes in temperature cause rock to expand (with heat) and contract (with cold). As this happens over and over again, the structure of the rock weakens. Over time, it crumbles.
What happens to a rock under pressure?
A deeply buried rock is pushed down by the weight of all the material above it. Since the rock cannot move, it cannot deform. This is called confining stress. Compression squeezes rocks together, causing rocks to fold or fracture (break) (Figure below).
When rocks change form in the rock cycle we see an example of the conservation of?
The rock cycle is an example of the conservation of matter. The law of conservation of matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed.
How are minerals formed by metamorphism?
Process of Metamorphism: New minerals are created either by rearrangement of mineral components or by reactions with fluids that enter the rocks. Pressure or temperature can even change previously metamorphosed rocks into new types. Metamorphic rocks are often squished, smeared out, and folded.
When rocks change does their mineral content also change?
During metamorphism, new minerals grow, with different sizes, shapes, and orientations than those of the original minerals. The chemical composition of the original rock may also change, as some elements are carried away and others are added by the fluids flowing through the rocks.
How are minerals formed in metamorphic rocks?
New minerals are created either by rearrangement of mineral components or by reactions with fluids that enter the rocks. Pressure or temperature can even change previously metamorphosed rocks into new types. Metamorphic rocks are often squished, smeared out, and folded.
What happens to the molten rocks when they reach the earths surface?
Lava (magma that has erupted onto the Earth's surface) is visually mesmerizing – as the molten rock flows downhill, lava exposed to the air cools to a deep black color, while the molten rock beneath glows bright orange. Magma is extremely hot liquid and semi-liquid rock located under Earth's surface.
What happens when rock is heated?
If there is too much heat or pressure, the rock will melt and become magma. This will result in the formation of an igneous rock, not a metamorphic rock.