Who proposed thermal convection?
Arthur Holmes Arthur Holmes postulated his thermal convection current theory in the year 1928-29 to explain the intricate problems of the origin of major relief features of the earth's surface.
What was Arthur Holmes theory?
Holmes primary contribution was his proposed theory that convection occurred within the Earth's mantle, which explained the push and pull of continent plates together and apart. He also assisted scientists in oceanographic research in the 1950s, which publicized the phenomenon known as sea floor spreading.
Who was the first scientist to accurately describe the theory of convection?
Alfred Wegener in full Alfred Lothar Wegener (born November 1 1880 Berlin Germany—died November 1930 Greenland) German meteorologist and geophysicist who formulated the first complete statement of the continental drift hypothesis. The son of an orphanage director Wegener earned a Ph.
What did Arthur Holmes discover?
On January 14, 1890, British geologist Arthur Holmes was born. Holmes pioneered the use of radiometric dating of minerals and was the first earth scientist to grasp the mechanical and thermal implications of mantle convection, which led eventually to the acceptance of plate tectonics.
What did Harry Hess discover?
Harry Hess was a geologist and Navy submarine commander during World War II. Part of his mission had been to study the deepest parts of the ocean floor. In 1946 he had discovered that hundreds of flat-topped mountains, perhaps sunken islands, shape the Pacific floor.
What did Dan McKenzie discover?
plate tectonics Dan McKenzie published his first article on plate tectonics, providing a mathematical model for convection in the mantle explaining the movement of the earth's crust, “The viscosity of the lower mantle” (McKenzie, 1966).
What did Harry Hess Discover 1962?
Sea Floor Spreading He published 'The History of Ocean Basins' in 1962, in which he outlined a theory that could explain how the continents could actually drift. This theory later became known as 'Sea Floor Spreading'.
How did Arthur Holmes discover convection currents?
In 1927, he presented a paper to the Edinburgh Geological Society outlining a new idea. Instead of the continents moving through the rocks of the ocean floor as Wegener had said, Holmes suggested that extremely dense rocks below the outer layer of the Earth were slowly flowing like thick taffy.
Who were the two scientist who proposed the theory of seafloor spreading?
The idea that the seafloor itself moves and also carries the continents with it as it spreads from a central rift axis was proposed by Harold Hammond Hess from Princeton University and Robert Dietz of the U.S. Naval Electronics Laboratory in San Diego in the 1960s. The phenomenon is known today as plate tectonics.
What is Harry Hess’s theory?
Hess envisaged that oceans grew from their centres, with molten material (basalt) oozing up from the Earth's mantle along the mid ocean ridges. This created new seafloor which then spread away from the ridge in both directions.
What was the main contribution of Dan Mackenzie to the plate tectonic theory?
He suggested there are two layers in the mantle, each of which are in motion, controlling the movement and behaviour of the tectonic plates above. 'The viscosity of the lower mantle' was published in 1966. McKenzie has also modelled the generation of magmas at both mid ocean ridges and mantle plumes/hot spots.
What did Harry Hess propose?
Hess envisaged that oceans grew from their centres, with molten material (basalt) oozing up from the Earth's mantle along the mid ocean ridges. This created new seafloor which then spread away from the ridge in both directions.
What was Harry Hess theory?
Hess envisaged that oceans grew from their centres, with molten material (basalt) oozing up from the Earth's mantle along the mid ocean ridges. This created new seafloor which then spread away from the ridge in both directions.
What was Harry Hess theory called?
He realized that the Earth's crust had been moving away on each side of oceanic ridges, down the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, that were long and volcanically active. He published his theory in History of Ocean Basins (1962), and it came to be called “seafloor spreading.”