Why might inflation have occurred at the end of the GUT era?
Inflation might have occurred at the end of the GUT era when the strong force froze out of the GUT force. This event would have released an enormous amount of energy that could have caused this expansion.
Why can’t Current theories describe what happened during the Planck era?
Why can't current theories describe what happened during the Planck era? We do not yet have a theory that links quantum mechanics and general relativity. unify the strong force and the electromagnetic and weak forces. Two, gravity and the GUT force.
Why did the era of nuclei end when the universe was about 300000 years old?
6) Why did the era of nuclei end when the universe was about 300,000 years old? A) Neutrinos and electrons were finally able to escape the plasma of the early universe and no longer heated the other particles.
How long did the era of nucleosynthesis last?
3 minutes The era of nucleosynthesis lasted from about 1 minute after the Big Bang until 3 minutes after the Big Bang. This is when the temperatures were right for nucleosynthesis to produce elements.
What happened in the particle era?
During this era, particles continually were created and destroyed until, by 0.001 s (one millisecond), the universe had expanded and cooled far enough (to 1012 K) that creation and destruction of this kind ended. For some reason, the universe created slightly more matter particles than anti-matter particles.
What happens to gas as it freely expands?
The combined mass of the two particles is completely transformed into energy (photons). What happens to gas as it freely expands? It gets more dense and heats.
What happened during the Planck era?
The Planck era is defined as the time when the universe was the size of the Planck length, 10−33 cms, and less, and the universe's age was 10−43 sec, the Planck time, and less. It is the earliest epoch we identify after the Big Bang. The Planck temperature at the end of the epoch was about 1032 degrees Kelvin.
What happened in particle era?
During this era, particles continually were created and destroyed until, by 0.001 s (one millisecond), the universe had expanded and cooled far enough (to 1012 K) that creation and destruction of this kind ended. For some reason, the universe created slightly more matter particles than anti-matter particles.
What happened during the nucleosynthesis?
Nucleosynthesis is the creation of new atomic nuclei, the centers of atoms that are made up of protons and neutrons. Nucleosynthesis first occurred within a few minutes of the Big Bang. At that time, a quark-gluon plasma, a soup of particles known as quarks and gluons, condensed into protons and neutrons.
What happened during Era of atoms?
The Era of Atoms (380,000 years – 1 billion years or so) began as the universe finally cooled and expanded enough for the nuclei to capture free electrons, forming fully-fledged, neutral atoms. Previously trapped photons were finally free to move through space, and the universe became transparent for the first time.
What kinds of particles were present in the universe during the particle Era?
12 Cards in this Set
| What is the current temperature of the universe | A few degrees K |
|---|---|
| What kinds of particles were present in the universe during the era of nucleosynthesis | mostly matter |
| What kinds of atomic nuclei were present in the universe during the era of nuclei | mostly hydrogen and helium nuclei |
What is meant by free expansion?
the expansion of a gas into an evacuated space without the transfer of heat or the performance of work.
Is free expansion possible?
The free expansion of a gas is an irreversible process; in principle, the temperature of a gas undergoing a free expansion is not a meaningful quantity. When we talk about an isothermal free expansion of a gas, we mean that the final temperature is the same as the initial temperature.
What kinds of particles were present in the universe during the particle era?
12 Cards in this Set
| What is the current temperature of the universe | A few degrees K |
|---|---|
| What kinds of particles were present in the universe during the era of nucleosynthesis | mostly matter |
| What kinds of atomic nuclei were present in the universe during the era of nuclei | mostly hydrogen and helium nuclei |
What is the Planck era quizlet?
The Planck time: The time when the universe was 10^-43 second old, before which random energy fluctuations were so large that our current theories are powerless to describe what might have been happening.
What happened during era of atoms?
The Era of Atoms (380,000 years – 1 billion years or so) began as the universe finally cooled and expanded enough for the nuclei to capture free electrons, forming fully-fledged, neutral atoms. Previously trapped photons were finally free to move through space, and the universe became transparent for the first time.
What happened in particle Era?
During this era, particles continually were created and destroyed until, by 0.001 s (one millisecond), the universe had expanded and cooled far enough (to 1012 K) that creation and destruction of this kind ended. For some reason, the universe created slightly more matter particles than anti-matter particles.
What happened in the quark epoch?
During the quark epoch the universe was filled with a dense, hot quark–gluon plasma, containing quarks, leptons and their antiparticles. Collisions between particles were too energetic to allow quarks to combine into mesons or baryons.
What happens in free expansion of gas?
Free expansion of a gas occurs when it is subjected to expansion in a vacuum (pex=0). During free expansion of an ideal gas, the work done is 0 be it a reversible or irreversible process. Where ∆U represents the change in internal energy, q is the heat given by the system and w is the work done on the system.
What happens in free expansion?
The Joule expansion (also called free expansion) is an irreversible process in thermodynamics in which a volume of gas is kept in one side of a thermally isolated container (via a small partition), with the other side of the container being evacuated.
What happened to all the antimatter during what era was the last of the antimatter eliminated?
The antimatter was all annihilated leaving ordinary matter that is in the present-day universe, during the Particle Era.
When did quarks become confined to normal particles?
The quark epoch ended when the universe was about 10−6 seconds old, when the average energy of particle interactions had fallen below the binding energy of hadrons. The following period, when quarks became confined within hadrons, is known as the hadron epoch.
What happened in the hadron era?
The short period from about 10−6 s to 10−5 s after the Big Bang when heavy atomic particles such as protons, neutrons, pions, and kaons were formed. Before the start of the hadron era, quarks behaved as free particles. The process by which hadrons formed from these quarks is called the quark–hadron phase transition.
What happens during free expansion of a gas?
Free expansion of a gas occurs when it is subjected to expansion in a vacuum (pex=0). During free expansion of an ideal gas, the work done is 0 be it a reversible or irreversible process. Where ∆U represents the change in internal energy, q is the heat given by the system and w is the work done on the system.
What happened to all the antimatter and when?
Matter and antimatter annihilate each other on contact, and researchers believe such collisions destroyed almost all of the antimatter (and a large chunk of the matter) that initially existed in the cosmos.
What happened in the quark era?
During the quark epoch the universe was filled with a dense, hot quark–gluon plasma, containing quarks, leptons and their antiparticles. Collisions between particles were too energetic to allow quarks to combine into mesons or baryons.
Why free quarks are not observed?
A free quark is not observed because by the time the separation is on an observable scale, the energy is far above the pair production energy for quark-antiquark pairs. For the U and D quarks the masses are 10s of MeV so pair production would occur for distances much less than a fermi.
What created quarks?
Origins. In the first moments after the Big Bang, the universe was extremely hot and dense. As the universe cooled, conditions became just right to give rise to the building blocks of matter – the quarks and electrons of which we are all made.
What came before quarks?
Research at RHIC and LHC are also now beginning to experimentally explore a mysterious state of matter that may exist before quark-gluon plasmas form, a dense mix of gluons known as a "glasma."
What happens to temperature during free expansion?
is the gas's internal energy. . In other words, there is no temperature change in the free expansion of an ideal gas.