Why does Saturn have less helium than Jupiter?
Saturn has a smaller metallic hydrogen mantle because its lower overall mass means lower internal pressures. Saturn has less surface Helium than Jupiter (~1/4), probably due to "rainout" in the deep interior.
Why does Saturn have only about half as much helium as a fraction of its total atmospheric composition as Jupiter Uranus and Neptune?
Why does Saturn have only about half as much helium as a fraction of its total atmospheric composition as do Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune? Helium may have liquefied and precipitated down into the interior of Saturn, reducing the overall proportion of helium in the atmosphere.
How does Saturn’s atmosphere differ in structure from that of Jupiter’s and why?
The total thickness of the three cloud layers in Saturn's atmosphere is roughly 200 km, compared with about 80 km on Jupiter, and each layer is itself somewhat thicker than its counterpart on Jupiter. The reason for this difference is Saturn's weaker gravity.
Why is Saturn’s atmosphere less varied than Jupiter?
Why is Saturn's atmosphere less varied in color and appearance than Jupiter's atmosphere? Saturn's top clouds are thicker, with few holes and gaps, and they obscure the deeper layers. The surface temperature of Saturn, though cold, is much higher than would be expected from the amount of solar energy it receives.
How is Saturn different from Jupiter?
Saturn and Jupiter have different material organization. Saturn has a big rocky core at the center. In both planets, hydrogen changes from a gas to liquid metal, but in Saturn, it happens much deeper. Saturn is less dense, so the pressure required for liquid metal is at lower depths.
Why does Saturn have a thick atmosphere?
Saturn contains more sulfur than Jupiter, which give its zones and belts an orangish, smog-like cast. Saturn's temperature and pressure increase from the exterior of the planet toward its center, changing the makeup of the clouds. The upper layers of clouds are made up of ammonia ice.
How does Saturn generates its internal heat?
Saturn's excess heat is generated by the precipitation of helium into its metallic hydrogen core. The heavier helium separates from the lighter hydrogen and drops toward the center, somewhat like the heavier ingredients of a salad dressing that hasn't been shaken for awhile.
Why does Saturn have a less varied appearance than Jupiter quizlet?
Why does Saturn have a less varied appearance than Jupiter? — Saturn's weaker gravity results in thicker clouds and a more uniform appearance.
How would you compare the atmosphere of Saturn with Jupiter?
Since Saturn's atmosphere is colder than Jupiter's at any particular altitude, the various cloud layers occur deeper within Saturn's atmosphere. Methane can condense in the very cold upper troposphere of Uranus and of Neptune, but not in the warmer troposphere of Jupiter or Saturn.
How are Jupiter and Saturn different?
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun whereas Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun. Jupiter is the largest planet is our solar system. Saturn is the second largest. Both Saturn and Jupiter are gas giants made of mainly hydrogen and helium.
In which way does Saturn differ from Jupiter quizlet?
In which way does Saturn differ from Jupiter? Saturn has a smaller zone of liquid metallic hydrogen.
Why do we believe that Jupiter and Saturn are mostly hydrogen and helium?
However, the size of the cores allowed these planets (particularly Jupiter and Saturn) to grab hydrogen and helium out of the gas cloud from which the sun was condensing, before the sun formed and blew most of the gas away.
Is Saturn’s atmosphere thicker than Jupiter?
Saturn's features are hazy because its atmosphere is thicker. Jupiters mass is greater than Saturns. Therefore, its gravity is higher and a higher surface gravity compresses the atmosphere to 75 km in thickness.
What is Saturn’s atmosphere mostly made of?
Atmosphere and Weather: One of the four gas giants, Saturn's atmosphere is much like that of Jupiter's. Hydrogen makes up nearly all of the atmosphere, with lesser amounts of helium and much lesser quantities of methane and ammonia.
What percent of Saturn is helium?
Saturn is approximately 75% hydrogen and 25% helium with traces of other substances like methane and water ice.
Why does Saturn emit more heat than Jupiter?
Saturn is smaller than Jupiter and farther from the sun, so it should be dimmer, but in fact it shines with an energy that is 2.3 times what it receives from the sun.
Why does Saturn look different from Jupiter?
It is primarily the ammonia that gives these planets their color, even though both Saturn and Jupiter are 99% hydrogen and Helium. Straight gas molecules (O2, N2, H2) and noble gases tend to have very little interaction with visible light.
Why has Jupiter retained most of its original atmosphere?
6. Jupiter retained most of its original atmosphere because it has a very high mass, and because the temperature was not as high as that of the terrestrial planets during their formation.
How does the surface top of the atmosphere of Saturn differ in appearance from that of Jupiter?
Why does Saturn have a less varied appearance than Jupiter? Chemical composition is similar, but atmospheric layers on Saturn is thicker because of its weak gravity (less mass). Because the clouds are thicker there are few holes and gaps in the top layer.
How does the composition of Saturn’s atmosphere compare to that of Jupiter which is the same as that of the Sun?
How does the composition of Saturn's atmosphere compare to that of Jupiter, which is the same as that of the Sun? Saturn's atmosphere contains less helium than does that of either Jupiter or the Sun.
Why does Jupiter have more hydrogen and helium than Earth?
Large self-gravity means a large escape velocity, so it is much more difficult for molecules to reach the kinetic energy needed to escape the gravity of Jupiter than that of Earth. Jupiter therefore has a much greater concentration of hydrogen and helium than Earth does.
Why does Jupiter have more liquid hydrogen than Saturn does?
This is due to the fact that Saturn's metallic hydrogen shell is smaller than Jupiter's. Saturn's magnetosphere is smaller and there is no current sheet like Jupiter's.
Why does Saturn have such a thick atmosphere?
Saturn contains more sulfur than Jupiter, which give its zones and belts an orangish, smog-like cast. Saturn's temperature and pressure increase from the exterior of the planet toward its center, changing the makeup of the clouds. The upper layers of clouds are made up of ammonia ice.
What is the atmosphere of Saturn?
Atmosphere and Weather: One of the four gas giants, Saturn's atmosphere is much like that of Jupiter's. Hydrogen makes up nearly all of the atmosphere, with lesser amounts of helium and much lesser quantities of methane and ammonia.
Why has Jupiter retained most of its original atmosphere quizlet?
Why has Jupiter retained most of its original atmosphere? It has a strong magnetic field and it's farther from the Sun than the Earth, and it's also a lot colder. All of these things contribute to Jupiter keeping its original atmosphere while all of the other planets' got blown away.
What does a planet need to retain an atmosphere?
There are two primary factors: size and distance from the Sun. Gravity helps planets and moons to hold on to their atmospheres, so small planets/moons such as Mars and the Moon have thin atmospheres.
What makes up the atmosphere of Saturn?
Hydrogen makes up nearly all of the atmosphere, with lesser amounts of helium and much lesser quantities of methane and ammonia. Saturn also has clouds made of ammonia ice crystals, but the clouds tops are considerably colder than Jupiter's approaching -400 degrees F.
What element is notably deficient in Saturn’s atmosphere and why How is this related to Saturn’s excess internal heat?
But Saturn is deficient in helium. Its composition is 94% hydrogen and 6% helium, some helium is missing from the atmosphere. The result is a warmer core and a lack of helium in the upper atmosphere of Saturn.
Why are Jupiter & Saturn so much richer in hydrogen and helium than Earth 2 reasons !)?
Large self-gravity means a large escape velocity, so it is much more difficult for molecules to reach the kinetic energy needed to escape the gravity of Jupiter than that of Earth. Jupiter therefore has a much greater concentration of hydrogen and helium than Earth does.
Why do the inner planets have less helium and hydrogen?
Astronomers think that most of the nebula was hydrogen and helium. The inner planets lost these very light gases. Their gravity was too low to keep them, and they floated away into space. The Sun and the outer planets had enough gravity to keep the hydrogen and helium.